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Charlemagne (747-814)

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Charlemagne
Sex: Male
Birth: 747
Death: January 28, 814
Father: Pepin the Short (714-768)
Mother: Bertrada of Laon (720-783)
Spouse: Himiltrude (?-?)
Marriage: 766
Spouse 2: Gerperga
Marriage 2: 768
Spouse 3: Hildegard (758-783)
Marriage 3: 771
Spouse 4: Fastrada (?-794)
Marriage 4: 784
Spouse 5: Luitgard (?-800)
Marriage 5: 794
Spouse 6: Gersuinda (?-?)
Spouse 7: Madelgard (?-?)
Spouse 8: Amaltrud of Vienne (?-?)
Spouse 9: Regina (c780-?)
Spouse 10: Ethelind (?-?)
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(Afrikaans): Karel die Grote
(Alemannisch): Karl der Große
(Aragonés): Carlemaño
(Anglo-Saxon): Charlemagne
(العربية): شارلمان
(مصرى): شارلمان
(Asturianu): Carlomagno
(Azərbaycan): Böyük Karl
(Беларуская): Карл Вялікі
(Беларуская (тарашкевіца)): Карл Вялікі
(Български): Карл Велики
(Brezhoneg): Karl Veur
(Bosanski): Karlo Veliki
(Català): Carlemany
(Cebuano): Carlomagno
(Česky): Karel Veliký
(Cymraeg): Siarlymaen
(Dansk): Karl den Store
(Deutsch): Karl der Große
(Ελληνικά): Καρλομάγνος
(English): Charlemagne
(Esperanto): Karolo la Granda
(Español): Carlomagno
(Eesti): Karl Suur
(Euskara): Carolus Handia
(فارسی): شارلمانی
(Suomi): Kaarle Suuri
(Français): Charlemagne
(Frysk): Karel de Grutte
(Gaeilge): Séarlas Mór
(Gàidhlig): Tearlach Mòr
(Galego): Carlomagno
(עברית): קרל הגדול
(हिन्दी): चार्लेमन
(Hrvatski): Karlo Veliki
(Bahasa Indonesia): Charlemagne
(Ido): Karl la Granda
(Íslenska): Karlamagnús
(Italiano): Carlo Magno
(日本語): カール大帝
(ქართული): კარლოს დიდი
(한국어): 카롤루스 대제
(Latina): Carolus Magnus
(मराठी): शार्लमेन
(Bahasa Melayu): Charlemagne
(Nederlands): Karel de Grote
(‪Norsk (bokmål)‬): Karl den store
(Polski): Karol Wielki
(Português): Carlos Magno
(Română): Carol cel Mare
(Русский): Карл Великий
(Simple English): Charlemagne
(Српски / Srpski): Карло Велики
(Svenska): Karl den store
(தமிழ்): சார்லமேன்
(Українська): Карл I Великий
(Tiếng Việt): Charlemagne
(West-Vlams): Karel den Grôotn
(Walon): Tchårlumagne
(ייִדיש): קארל דער גרויסער
(中文): 查理大帝
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Charlemagne (Charles the Great) (742 or 747 – 28 January 814) was the King of the Franks (768–814) who conquered Italy and took the Iron Crown of Lombardy in 774 and, on a visit to Rome in 800, was crowned Holy Roman Emperor ("Emperor of the Romans") by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day, presaging the revival of the Roman imperial tradition in the West in the form of the Holy Roman Empire. By his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define Western Europe and the Middle Ages. His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance, a revival of the arts and education in the West.

The son of King Pippin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, his original name in the Frankish language was never recorded, but early instances of his name in Latin read "Carolos" or "Karol's". He succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman until the latter's death in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards from power in Italy, and waging war on the Saracens who menaced his realm from Spain. It was during one of these campaigns that he experienced the worst defeat of his life at Roncesvalles (778). He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons, and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian Dynasty.

Today regarded as the founding father of both France and Germany and sometimes as the Father of Europe, as he was the first ruler of a united Western Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire.

[edit] Family

Charlemagne had at least twenty children over the course of his life time with three wives and five concubines. He had five wives but no offspring with his second or his last.

Only 6 of his children had children of their own, producing 26 grandchildren, 56 great-grandchildren, and 60 great-great-grandchildren. In that 5th generation, lines first cross, with Wipert de Nantes (860-?) who is the first double descendant of Charlemagne, and the brothers Hildebert I de Limoges (865-916) and Ranulphe I d'Aubusson (872-926) who are the first double descendants of mixed generation (5 and 6). The number of Charlemagne's descendants per generation do not grow as fast as one might expect, because of intermarriage, but also because of intense rivalry (including murder). To prevent such rivalry, many descendants were clergy.


Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Himiltrude (?-?)
Name Birth Death
Pippin the Hunchback (c769-811) 769,
811
Amaudru (?-?) ,
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Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Hildegard (758-783)
Name Birth Death
Rotrude (770-810) 770,
June 6, 810
Charles the Younger (c772-811) 772,
December 4, 811
Adelaide (c773-774) ,
August , 774
Pepin, King of Italy (773-810) April , 773(773-04-00),
July 8, 810
Louis the Pious (778-840) 778,
June 20, 840
Lothair (778-c779) August , 778(778-08-00),
c779
Bertha (779-823) 779,
823
Gisela (781-808) 781,
808
Hildegarde (782-783) 782,
783
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Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Fastrada (?-794)
Name Birth Death
Theodrada (784-?) 784,
January 9, 849
Hiltrude (787-?) 787,
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Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Gersuinda (?-?)
Name Birth Death
Adaltrude (774-?) 774,
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Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Madelgard (?-?)
Name Birth Death
Ruodhaid (775-810) 775,
810
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Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Amaltrud of Vienne (?-?)
Name Birth Death
Alpaida (794-?) 794,
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Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Regina (c780-?)
Name Birth Death
Drogo of Metz (801-855) June 17, 801(801-06-17),
December 8, 855
Hugh (802-844) 802,
844
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Offspring of Charlemagne (747-814) and Ethelind (?-?)
Name Birth Death
Richbod (805-844) 805,
844
Theodoric (807-?) 807,
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[edit] See also

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