|
Clay County, Illinois | |
Clay County Courthouse in Louisville
| |
Location in the state of Illinois | |
Illinois's location in the U.S. | |
Founded | 23 December 1824 (created) 8 March 1825 (organized) |
---|---|
Named for | Henry Clay |
Seat | Louisville |
Largest city | Flora |
Area - Total - Land - Water |
469.59 sq mi (1,216 km²) 468.32 sq mi (1,213 km²) 1.28 sq mi (3 km²), 0.3 |
Population - (2020) - Density |
13,288 |
Congressional district | 15th |
Time zone | Central: UTC-6/-5 |
Website | http://claycountyillinois.org |
Clay County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 13,288.[1] Since 1842, its county seat has been Louisville, in the center of the county's area.[2]
In 1950, the U.S. Census Bureau placed the mean center of U.S. population in Clay County.[3]
History[]
The future Clay County had been inhabited for thousands of years by the Illiniwek Indians (the remains of an Indian village's burial ground are still visible west of Ingraham). White explorers used or cleared a trail between the future settlements of Saint Louis in Missouri, to Vincennes in Indiana; this became a mail route in 1805. The first white settler (McCauley, from Kentucky) built a cabin in 1809 near this road at its intersection with a trail from Vandalia to Mt. Carmel. He was driven out by the Indians, but had returned by 1819, by which time other cabins had been constructed in the area, which was originally called Habbardsville. The Indians were removed from the area in 1828.[4]
Clay County was authorized by act of the state legislature on 23 December 1824, by partitioning portions of Wayne, Crawford, and Fayette counties.[4] It was named for American statesman Henry Clay,[5] a member of the United States Senate from Kentucky and United States Secretary of State. Clay was a candidate for president in 1824.
The first appointed commissioners met on 8 March 1825 to organize the county government. Land for county building purposes was donated near Habbardsville. The commissioners accepted the offer, renamed it Maysville, and had a two-room courthouse erected on the property by the end of the year.[6] The seat remained at that location (about a mile south of the present community of Clay City) through 1841, and in 1842 the county government began functioning in Louisville, being at the center of the county's area.[4]
The first railroad line through Clay County was laid between 1850 and 1854, the Ohio and Mississippi Line.[4] By 1855–56, the Illinois Central Railroad had also been constructed across the northwest corner of the county.
Geography[]
The low rolling hills of Clay County are devoted to agricultural production. The various drainage areas are still largely wooded. The Little Wabash River flows southeastward through the center of the county, while Muddy Creek drains the eastern portion (the meanders of Little Muddy delineate a portion of the county's east border with Richland County). Buck Creek, in the south part of the county, flows eastward and joins the Little Wabash above Clay City. Raccoon Creek flows southeastward from the lower part of the county into Wayne County.[7] The highest point on the terrain (Template:Convert/LoffAnoneDxSoff ASL) is a small point along the western border with Marion County.[8]
The county produced excellent timber during the nineteenth century, and some sandstone and limestone. The soil is light and not considered adapted to farming on a large scale.[4]
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 470 square miles (1,200 km2), of which 468 square miles (1,210 km2) is land and 1.3 square miles (3.4 km2) (0.3%) is water.[9]
Adjacent counties[]
- Effingham County - north
- Jasper County - northeast
- Richland County - east
- Wayne County - south
- Marion County - west
- Fayette County - northwest
Major highways[]
Protected areas[]
- Martin T Snyder Memorial Nature Preserve[10]
Cities[]
- Flora
Villages[]
- Clay City
- Iola
- Louisville (seat)
- Sailor Springs
- Xenia
Unincorporated communities[]
- Bible Grove
- Camp Travis
- Cruse
- Greendale
- Hoosier
- Hord
- Ingraham
- Kenner
- Oskaloosa
- Riffle
- Wendelin
Townships[]
- Bible Grove
- Blair
- Clay City
- Harter
- Hoosier
- Larkinsburg
- Louisville
- Oskaloosa
- Pixley
- Songer
- Stanford
- Xenia
Climate and weather[]
Climate chart for Louisville, Illinois | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D |
2.74
38
21
|
2.49
44
25
|
4.02
55
34
|
4.14
67
43
|
4.31
76
53
|
4.34
85
62
|
3.88
89
65
|
3.34
87
63
|
3.20
80
56
|
3.03
69
45
|
4.09
55
35
|
3.36
43
25
|
temperatures in °C • precipitation totals in mm source: The Weather Channel[11] |
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Louisville have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 89 °F (32 °C) in July, although a record low of −25 °F (−31.7 °C) was recorded in January 1904 and a record high of 111 °F (44 °C) was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.49 inches (63 mm) in February to 4.34 inches (110 mm) in June.[11]
Demographics[]
Historical populations | |||
---|---|---|---|
Census | Pop. | %± | |
1830 | 755 | ||
1840 | 3,228 | 327.5% | |
1850 | 4,289 | 32.9% | |
1860 | 9,336 | 117.7% | |
1870 | 15,875 | 70.0% | |
1880 | 16,192 | 2.0% | |
1890 | 16,772 | 3.6% | |
1900 | 19,553 | 16.6% | |
1910 | 18,661 | −4.6% | |
1920 | 17,684 | −5.2% | |
1930 | 16,155 | −8.6% | |
1940 | 18,947 | 17.3% | |
1950 | 17,445 | −7.9% | |
1960 | 15,815 | −9.3% | |
1970 | 14,735 | −6.8% | |
1980 | 15,283 | 3.7% | |
1990 | 14,460 | −5.4% | |
2000 | 14,560 | 0.7% | |
2010 | 13,815 | −5.1% | |
US Decennial Census[12] 1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14] 1990-2000[15] 2010-2020[1] |
2010 census[]
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 13,815 people, 5,697 households, and 3,790 families in the county.[16] The population density was 29.5 inhabitants per square mile (11.4 /km2). There were 6,404 housing units at an average density of 13.7 per square mile (5.3 /km2).[9] The racial makeup of the county was 97.7% white, 0.5% Asian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.2% American Indian, 0.5% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.1% of the population.[16] In terms of ancestry, 21.7% were German, 14.6% were American, 12.6% were Irish, and 8.6% were English.[17]
Of the 5,697 households, 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.1% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.5% were non-families, and 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.89. The median age was 42.2 years.[16]
The median income for a household in the county was $38,016 and the median income for a family was $48,659. Males had a median income of $38,191 versus $27,347 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,802. About 11.2% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.4% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.[18]
Education[]
- Clay City Community Unit District 10
- Dieterich Community Unit School District 30
- Effingham Community Unit School District 40
- Flora Community Unit School District 35
- Jasper County Community Unit School District 1
- North Clay Community Unit School District 25
- North Clay High School
- South Central Community Unit School District 401
Politics[]
As part of Upper Southern-leaning Southern Illinois, Clay County is powerfully Republican. No Democratic presidential nominee has won a majority in Clay County since Lyndon Johnson’s 1964 landslide, and typically for the region recent presidential elections have seen dramatic declines in Democratic support.[19]
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 5,629 | 81.59% | 1,129 | 16.36% | 141 | 2.04% |
2016 | 5,021 | 79.07% | 1,020 | 16.06% | 309 | 4.87% |
2012 | 4,190 | 70.92% | 1,584 | 26.81% | 134 | 2.27% |
2008 | 3,926 | 60.72% | 2,425 | 37.50% | 115 | 1.78% |
2004 | 4,416 | 67.38% | 2,101 | 32.06% | 37 | 0.56% |
2000 | 3,789 | 61.76% | 2,212 | 36.06% | 134 | 2.18% |
1996 | 2,703 | 43.40% | 2,750 | 44.16% | 775 | 12.44% |
1992 | 2,471 | 37.15% | 2,962 | 44.53% | 1,219 | 18.33% |
1988 | 3,494 | 55.65% | 2,761 | 43.97% | 24 | 0.38% |
1984 | 4,562 | 64.22% | 2,524 | 35.53% | 18 | 0.25% |
1980 | 4,447 | 61.20% | 2,587 | 35.60% | 232 | 3.19% |
1976 | 3,860 | 49.94% | 3,837 | 49.64% | 32 | 0.41% |
1972 | 5,283 | 64.92% | 2,844 | 34.95% | 11 | 0.14% |
1968 | 4,429 | 55.46% | 2,878 | 36.04% | 679 | 8.50% |
1964 | 3,665 | 44.61% | 4,551 | 55.39% | 0 | 0.00% |
1960 | 5,134 | 60.13% | 3,394 | 39.75% | 10 | 0.12% |
1956 | 5,079 | 58.73% | 3,553 | 41.08% | 16 | 0.19% |
1952 | 5,254 | 60.38% | 3,432 | 39.44% | 15 | 0.17% |
1948 | 3,782 | 53.21% | 3,160 | 44.46% | 166 | 2.34% |
1944 | 4,484 | 55.29% | 3,531 | 43.54% | 95 | 1.17% |
1940 | 5,185 | 50.72% | 4,934 | 48.27% | 103 | 1.01% |
1936 | 4,528 | 48.25% | 4,752 | 50.64% | 104 | 1.11% |
1932 | 3,373 | 41.83% | 4,565 | 56.61% | 126 | 1.56% |
1928 | 4,522 | 65.16% | 2,418 | 34.84% | 0 | 0.00% |
1924 | 3,432 | 49.60% | 2,987 | 43.17% | 500 | 7.23% |
1920 | 3,683 | 59.90% | 2,358 | 38.35% | 108 | 1.76% |
1916 | 3,879 | 50.43% | 3,574 | 46.46% | 239 | 3.11% |
1912 | 1,622 | 37.36% | 1,926 | 44.37% | 793 | 18.27% |
1908 | 2,250 | 49.53% | 2,152 | 47.37% | 141 | 3.10% |
1904 | 2,408 | 53.19% | 1,935 | 42.74% | 184 | 4.06% |
1900 | 2,356 | 49.45% | 2,295 | 48.17% | 113 | 2.37% |
1896 | 2,155 | 47.89% | 2,272 | 50.49% | 73 | 1.62% |
1892 | 1,774 | 45.64% | 1,604 | 41.27% | 509 | 13.09% |
See also[]
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Clay County, Illinois
References[]
- ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/17025.html.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx.
- ^ "Mean Center of Population for the United States: 1790 to 2000". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/meanctr.pdf.
- ^ a b c d e "A History of Southern Illinois". The USGenWeb Project. 1912. pp. 439–442. https://clay.illinoisgenweb.org/hist1912soil.htm.
- ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off.. p. 83. https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ.
- ^ "Larry Brant - Village of Clay City". http://www.claycityil.com/.
- ^ Clay County IL (Google Maps, accessed 24 October 2020)
- ^ Clay County High Point IL (PeakBagger.com, accessed 24 October 2020)
- ^ a b "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". US Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US17025.
- ^ Martin T Snyder Nature Preserve, Flora IL (Google Maps, accessed 24 October 2020)
- ^ a b "Monthly Averages for Louisville, Illinois". The Weather Channel. http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIL0693.
- ^ "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu.
- ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/il190090.txt.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000". US Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf.
- ^ a b c "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". US Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US17025.
- ^ "Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US17025.
- ^ "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US17025.
- ^ Cohn, Nate; ‘Demographic Shift: Southern Whites’ Loyalty to G.O.P. Nearing That of Blacks to Democrats’, The New York Times, April 24, 2014
- ^ Leip, David. "Atlas of US Presidential Elections". http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS.
- United States Census Bureau 2007 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
- United States Board on Geographic Names (GNIS)
- United States National Atlas
External links[]
Fayette County | Effingham County | Jasper County | ||
Marion County | Richland County | |||
Clay County, Illinois | ||||
Wayne County |
|
|
|
This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Clay County, Illinois. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License. |