This is a list of notable Haitian Americans, including both original immigrants who obtained American citizenship and their American descendants.[1]
To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia article showing they are Haitian American, or have references showing they are Haitian American and are notable.
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Artists[]
- John James Audubon, painter
- Jean-Michel Basquiat, artist
- Edouard Duval-Carrié, painter and sculptor
- Paul Gardère (artist)
- Jackson Georges, painter, whose works have been on exhibit at the World Trade Art Gallery, the United Nations, and Mehu Gallery
- Edmonia Lewis, sculptor who gained fame and recognition in the international fine arts world
- Patrick H. Reason, engraver
- Sacha Thébaud (1934-2004), aka "Tebó", artist, sculptor, architect, furniture designer born in Haiti and known for encaustics in international contemporary fine art
Business[]
- Hurby Azor, hip-hop music producer
- Jean-Claude Brizard, former CEO of Chicago Public Schools
- Emile Cambry Jr., founder and CEO of BLUE1647
- Jonathan Paul Cambry, technology manager and graphic designer of BLUE1647
- Karen Civil, digital marketing strategist, entrepreneur, author; CEO of KarenCivil.com, Live Civil & CMO of Marathon Agency
- Suzanne de Passe, television, music and film producer; co-chairman of de Passe Jones Entertainment Group[2]
- Mignon Faget, fine jewelry designer
- Reggie Fils-Aimé, president of Nintendo America
- Ralph Gilles, automobile designer (Chrysler 300)
- Viter Juste, businessman, community leader and activist
- Danielle Laraque-Arena, first woman President of the State University of New York Upstate Medical University[3]
- Monique Péan, fine jewelry designer
- Harve Pierre, President of Sean "Diddy" Combs' Bad Boy record company
- James Rosemond, former businessman involved in the rap music industry
- Mona Scott, CEO of Monami Entertainment
- Dumarsais Simeus, owner of Simeus Foods
- Vince Valholla, hip-hop music producer[4]
Culinary arts[]
- Vanessa Cantave, co-founder and executive chef of the catering company Yum Yum
Crime[]
- Kendall Francois, serial killer
- James Rosemond, "Jimmy Henchman", former businessman involved in the rap music industry; convicted drug trafficker
Entertainment[]
Broadcasting[]
- Vladimir Duthiers, television news broadcaster[5]
- Carmelau Monestime, community leader and Haitian Creole radio broadcaster[6]
Dancers[]
- Jean-Léon Destiné, dancer and choreographer
- Emmanuel Pierre-Antoine, dancer
Films and TV[]
- Eric André, actor, comedian, and television host
- Nadege August, actress
- Marlyne Barrett, actress
- Angelique Bates, actress best known for the Nickelodeon sketch-comedy series All That
- Garcelle Beauvais, actress, singer, model
- Gabriel Casseus, actor
- Suzanne de Passe, television, music and film producer
- Alex Désert, actor
- Pierre Desir, filmmaker
- Gary Dourdan, actor
- Mike Estime, actor
- Susan Fales-Hill, television producer, author, screenwriter[7]
- Guetty Felin, filmmaker and director
- Abner Genece, award-winning actor
- Hugues Gentillon, film director, screenwriter, and producer
- Meta Golding, actress
- Jamie Hector, actor
- Nikki M. James, Tony Award-winning actress and singer
- Kyle Jean-Baptiste, youngest actor and first black American actor to be cast as Jean Valjean in Les Misérables on Broadway
- Jimmy Jean-Louis, actor
- Vicky Jeudy, actress
- Jean-Claude La Marre, television actor, director, and film and writer
- Jerry Lamothe, screenwriter, director, producer, and actor
- Sal Masekela, television host, sports commentator, actor, and singer
- Trina McGee-Davis, actress
- Moxiie, singer
- Natalie Paul, actress
- Sharon Pierre-Louis, actress
- Sidney Poitier, actor and film director[8]
- Sydney Tamiia Poitier, actress[8]
- Josephine Premice, actress
- Sandra Prosper, actress
- Lela Rochon, actress
- Zoe Saldana, actress
- Lorraine Toussaint, actress[9]
Models[]
- Joanne Borgella, fashion model
- Alexandra Cheron, model
- Daphnée Duplaix, actress, model and former Playboy playmate
- Tyrone Edmond, fashion model
- Marjorie Vincent, Miss America 1991
Music[]
- Gaelle Adisson, singer[10]
- Max B, rapper
- Jean Beauvoir, multi-Platinum singer, producer and songwriter. KISS, The Ramones, N'Sync, Lionel Richie, Debbie Harry, The Pretenders, film songs, Stallone, Robert Deniro, Tim Allen, Jack Black and many others.
- Kodak Black, rapper
- Elijah Blake, songwriter and contemporary R&B musician[11]
- Jean-Paul Bourelly, jazz fusion and blues rock guitarist
- Won-G Bruny, rapper and entrepreneur
- Jonathan Paul Cambry, classical pianist, teacher, composer and producer
- Capone, rapper
- Alan Cavé, kompa singer
- Andrew Cyrille, jazz drummer[12]
- Jason Derulo, singer, songwriter[13]
- Louis Moreau Gottschalk, composer and pianist
- Bigga Haitian, reggae musician
- Hoax, alternative rock band including Frantz N. Cesar of Haitian and Puerto Rican descent
- Lee Holdridge, multi-award-winning Haitian-born composer and orchestrator
- Wyclef Jean, Grammy Award winning Haitian rapper, musician and actor.
- J-Live, rapper, DJ and producer
- Jacki-O, rapper
- J. Rosamond Johnson, composer and singer during the Harlem Renaissance
- David Jude Jolicoeur, also known as "Trugoy the Dove"; rapper from De La Soul
- Kangol Kid, rapper, UTFO
- Rich The Kid, rapper
- DJ Whoo Kid, DJ, producer[14]
- Steph Lecor, singer[15][16]
- Maxwell, Grammy Award-winning singer
- Leyla McCalla, cellist with the string band Carolina Chocolate Drops[17]
- Travie McCoy, lead singer of the band Gym Class Heroes
- Woodson Michel, singer-songwriter, record producer and actor
- Teri Moïse, singer
- Michel Mauléart Monton, composer; notable for composing the classic song choucoune (known as "yellow bird" in the English version)[18][19]
- Richard Auguste Morse, founder of a mizik rasin band, RAM, named after his initials
- Jimmy O, rapper
- Pras, Grammy Award-winning rapper and founded of The Fugees; actor
- Riva Nyri Précil, singer
- Qwote, singer
- Dawn Richard, singer
- Devyn Rose, singer
- Daniel Bernard Roumain, composer, musician
- Cécile McLorin Salvant, Grammy Award-winning jazz singer
- Melky Sedeck, contemporary R&B duo
- Sol, rapper
- Sergio Sylvestre, singer[20]
- MC Tee, rapper and co-founder of Mantronix
- Jon Theodore, former drummer of The Mars Volta, current drummer for Queens of the Stone Age
- Pastor Troy, rapper
- Usher, singer, dancer, and actor[21]
- Black Violin, musical duo
- Saigon, rapper[22][23]
- Sha Money XL, producer[14]
Sports[]
Basketball[]
- Jeff Adrien, undrafted NBA free agent[24]
- Zach Auguste, undrafted NBA free agent, former Notre Dame basketball player
- Kervin Bristol, professional basketball player currently playing for the KK Włocławek of the Polish Basketball League[25][26]
- Quincy Douby, former Sacramento Kings NBA guard and current Zhejiang Golden Bulls CBA player[27]
- Mario Elie, former Houston Rockets NBA guard
- Marie Ferdinand-Harris, first Haitian American WNBA player drafted; former Phoenix Mercury guard
- Blake Griffin, member of the Los Angeles Clippers after being drafted 1st in the 2009 NBA draft[28][29]
- Taylor Griffin, drafted by the Phoenix Suns
- Skal Labissière, member of the Sacramento Kings
- Nerlens Noel, member of the Philadelphia Sixers after being drafted 6th in the 2013 NBA draft
- Eniel Polynice, member of the Atleticos de San German in the BSN of Puerto Rico
- Olden Polynice, former Utah Jazz NBA center
Boxing[]
- Andre Berto, professional boxer, 2004 Haitian Olympian,[30] two-time welterweight champion
- Fernando Guerrero, Dominican-born boxer
- Erickson Lubin, professional boxer
- Melissa St. Vil, women's lightweight boxer
Football[]
- Mackensie Alexander, current cornerback for the Minnesota Vikings
- Stanley Arnoux, former linebacker for the New Orleans Saints
- Cliff Avril, current defensive end for the Seattle Seahawks[31]
- D'Anthony Batiste, former offensive tackle for the Arizona Cardinals[32]
- Mackenzy Bernadeau, guard for the Dallas Cowboys
- Giovani Bernard, current running back for Cincinnati Bengals
- Yvenson Bernard, former running back for the St. Louis Rams, and Seattle Seahawks
- Jacques Cesaire, former defensive end for the San Diego Chargers
- Gosder Cherilus, current offensive tackle for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers[31]
- Jason Chery, free agent wide receiver
- Stalin Colinet, former defensive end/tackle[33][34]
- Antonio Cromartie, current cornerback for the New York Jets[35]
- Da'Mon Cromartie-Smith, current safety for the Pittsburgh Steelers
- Marcell Dareus, nose tackle for the Buffalo Bills[36]
- Louis Delmas, current safety for the Detroit Lions[31]
- Pierre Desir, current cornerback the Cleveland Browns
- Marc Dile, former guard/tackle for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers
- Jayson DiManche, current outside linebacker for the Cincinnati Bengals
- Leger Douzable, defensive end for the New York Jets
- Vladimir Ducasse, current offensive tackle for the Baltimore Ravens
- Elvis Dumervil, current defensive end for the San Francisco 49ers[35]
- Dominique Easley, defensive tackle for the New England Patriots
- Alin Edouard, current football quarterback for the Syracuse Orange
- Terrence Fede, defensive end for the Miami Dolphins
- Deondre Francois, collegiate quarterback for the Florida State Seminoles[37]
- Junior Galette, current linebacker for the Washington Redskins[38]
- Pierre Garçon, current wide receiver for the San Francisco 49ers[31]
- Ron Girault, former safety[39]
- Josh Gordon, wide receiver for the Cleveland Browns
- Stanley Jean-Baptiste, current cornerback for the Seattle Seahawks
- Ricky Jean-Francois, current defensive tackle for the Washington Redskins[31]
- Max Jean-Gilles, former offensive guard for the Philadelphia Eagles[35]
- Lemuel Jeanpierre, guard and center for the Seattle Seahawks
- Rashad Jeanty, former linebacker for the Cincinnati Bengals and current defensive lineman for the Edmonton Eskimos of the CFL[32]
- Carlos Joseph, former offensive tackle for the San Diego Chargers
- Davin Joseph, current offensive guard for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers[32]
- Frantz Joseph, American Canadian football player[40]
- Johnathan Joseph, current cornerback for the Houston Texans[37]
- Karl Joseph, current safety for the Oakland Raiders[41][42]
- William Joseph, former defensive tackle for the New York Giants[35]
- Steve Josue, former linebacker
- Emmanuel Lamur, current linebacker for the Minnesota Vikings[43]
- Sammuel Lamur, former Tampa Bay Buccaneers and current free agent linebacker[43]
- Corey Lemonier, defensive linebacker for the New York Jets
- Corey Liuget, defensive end for the Los Angeles Chargers
- Henry McDonald, played Rochester Jeffersons from 1911 until 1917; one of the best known black American pro players during the era prior to the formation of the National Football League in 1920
- Whitney Mercilus, current linebacker for the Houston Texans
- Sony Michel, running back[44]
- Vernand Morency, former running back for the Houston Texans (2005–2006) and Green Bay Packers (2006–2007)[35]
- Steve Octavien, former linebacker for the Cleveland Browns and current linebacker for the Omaha Nighthawks of the UFL[35]
- Kevin Pierre-Louis, linebacker for the Seattle Seahawks[45]
- Jason Pierre-Paul, current defensive end for the New York Giants
- Dominique Rodgers-Cromartie, current cornerback for the New York Giants[32]
- Jonal Saint-Dic, former defensive end for the Kansas City Chiefs (2008)[35]
- Pierre Thomas, former running back for the New Orleans Saints[35]
- Fitzgerald Toussaint, running back for the Pittsburgh Steelers[46]
- Jonathan Vilma, former linebacker for the New Orleans Saints[32]
Martial artists[]
- James Edson Berto, MMA fighter
- Ovince St. Preux, mixed martial artist; competes in the Light Heavyweight division for the UFC
- Adler Volmar, judoka
- Neil Magny, mixed martial artist; competes in the Welterweight division of the UFC[47]
Soccer[]
- Jozy Altidore, soccer player for Toronto FC
- Gilbert Bayonne, soccer player
- John Boulos, soccer player; is in the US National Soccer Hall of Fame
- Kimberly Boulos, soccer player
- Joenal Castma, retired soccer player; played in the US and Poland
- Steward Ceus, soccer player
- Ronil Dufrene, retired soccer player
- Derrick Etienne, soccer player
- Pat Fidelia, retired soccer player
- Joe Gaetjens, member of the 1950 World Cup US National Team
- Zachary Herivaux, soccer player
- Andrew Jean-Baptiste, soccer player
- Stefan Jerome, soccer player
- Jacques LaDouceur, retired soccer player
- Jerrod Laventure, soccer player, forward (striker) for Red Bull New York)
- Fafà Picault, soccer player
- Brian Sylvestre, soccer player
- Sébastien Thurière, soccer player
Sprinters and runners[]
- Moise Joseph, middle-distance runner; competed in the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens
- Steven Lorrius, sprinter
- Barbara Pierre, track and field sprint athlete in the Pan American Games
- Marlena Wesh, sprinter competing in the 2012 Summer Olympics for Haiti
Tennis[]
- Ronald Agénor, professional tennis player
- Victoria Duval, professional tennis player
- Jennifer Elie, professional tennis player
- Naomi Osaka, professional tennis player
Other sports[]
- Francis Bouillon, professional hockey player
- Dayana Cadeau, Haitian-born Canadian American professional bodybuilder
- Dudley Dorival, Olympic hurdler
- Nadine Faustin-Parker, Olympic hurdler who competed for Haiti in the Olympics in Sydney (2000), Athens (2004), and Beijing (2008)
- Shad Gaspard, WWE professional wrestler
- Haiti Kid, retired WWF professional wrestler; had dwarfism
- Samyr Laine, Olympic triple jumper; competed for Haiti at the 2012 Summer Olympics
- Rodney St. Cloud, professional bodybuilder
- Touki Toussaint, professional baseball pitcher for the Atlanta Braves
- D'Ron D1 Maingrette, professional e-sports commentator for Super Smash Bros. Melee, Super Smash bros Brawl, and Super Smash Bros. for Wii U
Fashion designers[]
- Azéde Jean-Pierre
- Kerby Jean-Raymond, founder of the menswear label, Pyre Moss
- Davidson Petit-Frère, co-owner of Musika Frére, a collection of bespoke suits for men
- Fabrice Simon, award-winning artist and fashion designer, best known for his handmade beaded dresses
Historical personalities[]
- W. E. B. Du Bois, civil rights activist, first person of African descent to earn a doctorate at Harvard
- Jeremiah Hamilton, Wall Street broker noted as "the only black millionaire in New York" about a decade before the American Civil War
- Jean-Jacob Jeudy, activist, politician and currently a soldier in the United States Army
- Viter Juste, coined the name "Little Haiti" for the neighborhood in Miami, Florida which is a center of the Haitian American community in Florida; considered the father of the community in Miami
- Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, founder of the city of Chicago
- Fred Staten, Haitian-born nightclub performer and infamous Voodoo King of New Orleans, known as Chicken Man[48][49]
- Charles Terres Weymann, racing pilot; flew for Nieuport during World War I as a test pilot; was awarded the rank of Chevalier of the Legion of Honour
Lawyers[]
- Combat Jack, hip hop music attorney and executive
- Edwin Warren Moïse, lawyer, physician and Confederate States of America[50]
- Karl Racine, first elected Attorney General of the District of Columbia
- Mildred Trouillot, lawyer who married Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Literature[]
- Yamiche Alcindor, journalist[51]
- Lylah M. Alphonse, news editor
- Elsie Augustave, author
- Dean Baquet, Pulitzer Prize-winning American journalist and the executive editor of The New York Times[52][53]
- Jacqueline Charles, journalist
- Anne-Christine d'Adesky, journalist and activist
- Edwidge Danticat, author
- Donna Denizé, poet and award-winning teacher
- Joel Dreyfuss, journalist, editor, and writer
- Roxane Gay, writer
- Nathalie Handal, award-winning poet, writer, and playwright
- Sacha Jenkins, journalist
- James Weldon Johnson, author, and civil rights activist
- Peniel E. Joseph, historian
- Josaphat-Robert Large, writer
- Dimitry Elias Léger, novelist and essayist
- Roland Martin, journalist and syndicated columnist
- Marilene Phipps, poet, painter, and short story writer
- Alvin Francis Poussaint, author
- Victor Séjour, writer
- Luisah Teish, author[54]
- Gina Athena Ulysse, poet[55]
Science[]
- Gerard A. Alphonse, electrical engineer, physicist and research scientist; 2005 president of the United States division of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
- Louis Gustave De Russy, engineer and U.S. officier
- John James Audubon, naturalist
- Jean Charles Faget, physician
- Henri Ford, pediatric surgeon
- Linda Marc, public health researcher
- David Malebranche, physician working in the field of HIV/AIDS
- Charles Lewis Reason, mathematician, linguist, and educator
Political figures[]
- Mack Bernard, member of the Florida House of Representatives
- Alix Desulme, Councilman, City of North Miami and First Haitian American Elected City Clerk in the US
- Rodneyse Bichotte, first Haitian American elected in New York City, representing 42nd District of the New York State Assembly
- André Birotte Jr., United States District Judge for the United States District Court for the Central District of California[56]
- Ronald Brise, Florida House of Representatives
- Eugene Bullard, first black American military pilot
- Daphne Campbell, Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives
- Josaphat Celestin, former Mayor of North Miami, Florida, and first Haitian American elected mayor of a sizable U.S. city
- Auguste Davezac, diplomat who served twice as United States Ambassador to the Netherlands
- Rodolphe Desdunes, civil rights activist and militiaman involved in the Battle of Liberty Place
- René Edward De Russy, Brevet Brigadier General in the United States Army
- Jules DeMun, aristocrat
- Philippe Derose, North Miami Beach councilman
- Mathieu Eugene, New York City councilman
- Linda Dorcena Forry, Massachusetts State Senator
- M. Rony Francois, public health director of Georgia
- Patrick Gaspard, Director of the White House Office of Political Affairs (2009–2012), United States Ambassador to South Africa (2013–2016)
- Richard Howell Gleaves, 55th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina
- Kimberly Jean-Pierre, Member of the New York Assembly from the 11th District
- Jean Jeudy, New Hampshire State Representative
- Jacques Jiha, New York City Commissioner of Finance
- Smith Joseph, mayor of North Miami
- Harry LaRosiliere, 38th mayor of Plano, Texas
- Raymond Lohier, became the first Haitian American to be confirmed (unanimously) by the United States Senate as a Judge for the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit in New York
- Mia Love, first Haitian-American and first black Republican woman in Congress; U.S. House of Representative for Utah's 4th district and former mayor of Saratoga Springs, Utah
- Rudy Moise, retired Colonel of the United States Air Force, and politician[57][58]
- Jean Monestime, first Haitian American to serve on the Miami-Dade County Commission[59]
- Andre Pierre, former Democratic mayor of North Miami, Florida
- Pierre-Richard Prosper, ambassador, lawyer, prosecutor and government official
- Karl Racine, first elected Attorney General of the District of Columbia
- Joseph Rainey, Republican member of the South Carolina House of Representatives
- Alonzo J. Ransier, 54th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina[60][61]
- Kwame Raoul, Illinois State Senator
- Yolly Roberson, Florida State Representative
- Marie St. Fleur, former Massachusetts State Representative
- Michaelle C. Solages, represents the 22nd district in the New York State Assembly
Religion[]
- John J. Chanche, first Roman Catholic Bishop of Natchez, 1841-1852
- Mama Lola, Vodou priestess
- Pierre Toussaint, beatified candidate for sainthood in the Roman Catholic Church
Others[]
- Stanley Barbot, radio personality based in New York City
- Jean-Robert Bellande, professional poker player, reality TV contestant, nightclub owner and promoter[62][63]
- Patrick Dorismond, police abuse victim; brother of reggae artist Bigga Haitian
- Jeff Gardere, talk show host, psychiatrist and author
- Karine Jean-Pierre, Senior Advisor and National Spokesman for MoveOn.org
- Gregory Lorjuste, Associate Director of Scheduling to President Barack Obama
- Abner Louima, police abuse victim
See also[]
- Haitian Canadians
- Haitian diaspora
- Haitians in France
- List of Haitians
References[]
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- ^ Bernard, Aubrey J., ed (1 February 2011). "Audrey’s Society Whirl: Suzanne de Passe first woman to Receive AFUWI Bob Marley Award". EurWeb. http://www.eurweb.com/2011/02/audrey%E2%80%99s-society-whirl-suzanne-de-passe-first-woman-to-receive-afuwi-bob-marley-award/. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
- ^ Upstate Medical University - About Danielle Laraque-Arena
- ^ "Vince Valholla - South Florida Music Showcase | South Florida Music Showcase" (in en-US). https://sflmusicshowcase.com/speakers/vince-valholla/.
- ^ "Vladimir Duthiers". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/team/vladimir-duthiers/. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- ^ Cohen, Howard (2016-01-28). "Carmelau Monestime, Haitian civic leader, Creole radio station founder, dies at 84". Miami Herald. http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/obituaries/article57149998.html. Retrieved 2016-02-16.
- ^ Foster-Frau, Silvia, ed (19 November 2015). "Latest needs assessment to be announced at luncheon". Greenwich Time. http://www.greenwichtime.com/news/article/Latest-needs-assessment-to-be-announced-at-6643680.php. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
- ^ a b "Bio - Sidney Poitier". Archived from the original on 6 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140506092315/http://ifogo.com/1Authors/Sidney%20Poitier/poitier.html. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
- ^ Lamarre, Eddy, ed (13 September 2015). "Lorraine Toussaint talks ‘Rosewood’ and Black TV at Chicago screening". Rolling Out. http://rollingout.com/2015/09/13/lorraine-toussaint-talks-rosewood-black-tv-chicago-screening/. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ Dene, Lewis, ed (2005). "Gaelle Transient Review". BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/mzp2/. Retrieved 28 May 2017.
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- ^ a b Tony Yayo, DJ Whoo Kid, More Haitian Artists Discuss Earthquake from MTV 15 January 2010
- ^ Johnson, Victoria, ed (20 January 2016). "Steph Lecor Talks Being the First Lady of DJ Khaled’s We The Best, ‘Saturday’ & Repping Haiti". The Boom Box. http://theboombox.com/steph-lecor-first-lady-we-the-best-hit-song-saturday-repping-haiti/. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
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- ^ Fensterstock, Alison (February 5, 2014). "Leyla McCalla's tribute to Langston Hughes, out this week, plus more New Orleans albums to look forward to". Nola.com/The Times Picayune. http://www.nola.com/music/index.ssf/2014/02/leyla_mccallas_tribute_to_lang.html. Retrieved March 16, 2015.
- ^ Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World, Volume 9: Genres: Caribbean and Latin America. 2014. p. 476. ISBN 9781441141972. https://books.google.com/books?id=liV8AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA476&lpg=PA476&dq=Michel+Maul%C3%A9art+Monton&source=bl&ots=Hup_N2nlNA&sig=dCcSEFKoZpOhjuL5pAuUQvAoCbg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBWoVChMImJyd8-WDxgIVSDmsCh1cTQBQ#v=onepage&q=Michel%20Maul%C3%A9art%20Monton&f=false. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
- ^ Press, ed (11 July 2011). "The Story of Choucoune Stolen Legacy: The Ordeal of Choucoune". Haiti Sentinel. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150610050439/http://www.sentinel.ht/ar/history/articles/events/1374-the-ordeal-of-yellow-bird. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
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- ^ http://www.kreolmagazine.com/arts-culture/spotlight/usher-an-american-superstar-with-haitian-roots/
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- ^ Eric, ed (23 October 2015). "Kervin Bristol picked up by Anwil". Court Side Newspaper. http://www.court-side.com/news/blog/kervin-bristol-picked-up-by-anwil/. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
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- ^ The B in NBA
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- ^ "One drop rule:A guide to black celebrities". http://www.bet.com/celebrities/photos/2011/06/one-drop-rule-a-guide-to-who-is-black-in-hollywood.html#!061411-celeb-one-drop-blake-griffin. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
- ^ http://www.premierboxingchampions.com/andre-berto
- ^ a b c d e "Garcon, other NFL players worry about family in quake-stricken Haiti" from NFL.com
- ^ a b c d e American Football - Football player of Haitian Descent playing in NFL this week Archived 2009-12-21 at the Wayback Machine from www.haitiweb.com
- ^ Rand, Michael, ed (13 May 2010). "RandBall Q+A with ex-Viking Stalin Colinet: "We royally screwed that up."". StarTribune. http://www.startribune.com/randball-q-a-with-ex-viking-stalin-colinet-we-royally-screwed-that-up/93688094/. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ Bondy, Filip, ed (10 November 1996). "Stalin Colinet's Bronx Tale Of Family, Humility And Bravery Few Are Surprised That He Stepped Forward". NY Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/sports/stalin-colinet-bronx-tale-family-humility-bravery-surprised-stepped-article-1.747947. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
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