See also: Cousin marriage
This is a list of prominent individuals who have been romantically or maritally coupled with a cousin.
Notable commoners
Gide
Malthus
Mao
Ōtomo no Yakamochi
Prus
Rachmaninoff
Rizal
Stravinsky
Wells
- John Adams and his third cousin, Abigail Smith[1]
- Johann Sebastian Bach and his second cousin, Maria Barbara Bach[2]
- Josiah Bartlett, second signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin, Mary Bartlett[3]
- Wernher von Braun and his first cousin, Maria Luise von Quistorp
- Charles Bulfinch and his first cousin, Hannah Apthorp [4]
- John C. Calhoun, seventh Vice President of the United States, and his first cousin once removed, Floride Calhoun[5]
- Jeanne Calment, the oldest person whose age was verified by official documents, and her second cousin, Fernand Calment [6]
- Benedict Swingate Calvert, third Proprietor Governor of Maryland and father of Eleanor Calvert, and his first cousin once removed Elizabeth Calvert
- Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the only Roman Catholic signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and his second cousin, Mary Darnall [7]
- Charles Darwin and his first cousin, Emma Wedgwood.[8] In addition, their grandparents, Sarah Wedgwood and Josiah Wedgwood, were third cousins.[9]
- Mazo de la Roche and her orphaned younger cousin Caroline Clement[10]
- Alfred I. du Pont, great-grandson of DuPont founder and his cousin-by-marriage, Bessie Gardner, as well as his second cousin, Alicia Bradford Maddox[11]
- Andrew Jackson Donelson and his first cousin, Emily Donelson.
- Andrew Jackson Donelson and his first cousin, Elizabeth Martin Randolph.
- Albert Einstein and his first cousin (through his mother) and second cousin (through his father), Elsa Löwenthal née Einstein[12]
- William Greenleaf Eliot, founder of Washington University in St. Louis (and grandfather of poet T. S. Eliot), married his first cousin once removed but more notable is that his father, mother, and wife were first cousins of each other.
- William Ellery, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin once removed, Abigail Cary[13]
- William Crowninshield Endicott, former US Secretary of War, and his first cousin, Ellen Peabody[14]
- Vivian Fuchs, British explorer, and his cousin Joyce Connell
- John F. Fitzgerald, former mayor of Boston and grandfather of John F. Kennedy, and his second cousin Mary Josephine Hannon.[15]
- Carlo Gambino, a mob boss, and his first cousin, Catherine Castellano[16]
- André Gide, Nobel Prize-winning French author, and his cousin, Madeleine Rondeaux.
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American author, and her first cousin, George Houghton Gilman[17]
- Carl Giles, cartoonist, and his cousin and wife, Joan Giles
- Rudy Giuliani, mayor of New York, 1994–2001, and his second cousin once removed, Regina Peruggi[18]
- Duncan Grant, Scottish painter, who was in a relationship with his male cousin, the English writer Lytton Strachey.[19]
- Edvard Grieg, Norwegian composer, and his first cousin, Nina Hagerup[20]
- Benjamin Harrison V, American revolutionary leader, and his second cousin, Elizabeth Bassett[21]
- Alexander Herzen, Russian writer and political activist, and his cousin, Natalya Zakharina.
- Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., the poet, and his second cousin, Amelia Lee Jackson[22]
- Stephen Hopkins, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his second cousin, Sarah Scott[23]
- Saddam Hussein and his first cousin Sajida Talfah
- Jesse James and his first cousin, Zerelda "Zee" Mimms [24]
- Thomas Jefferson and his third cousin, Martha Wayles
- Jón Sigurðsson, leader of the 19th-century Icelandic independence movement, and his first cousin, Ingibjörg Einarsdóttir.
- Naoto Kan, former Prime Minister of Japan, and his first cousin, Nobuko[25]
- Nobusuke Kishi, former Japanese statesman, and his first cousin, Yoshiko Kishi[26]
- David Lean, British film director, and his first wife (first cousin, Isabel Lean).
- Jerry Lee Lewis, rock and roll musician, and his first cousin once removed, Myra Gale Brown[27][28]
- Abbott Lawrence Lowell, president of Harvard University, and his distant cousin, Anna Parker Lowell[29]
- John A. Macdonald, first prime minister of Canada, and his first cousin, Isabella Clark[30]
- Rob Roy MacGregor married his cousin Mary Helen MacGregor of Comar in January 1693.
- Gerardo Machado y Morales, fifth president of Cuba, and his first cousin, Elvira Machado Nodal[31]
- Maeda Toshiie, Japanese Daimyō in 15th century, and his cousin, Matsu.
- Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates, and his first cousin, Hind bint Maktoum bin Juma Al Maktoum
- Thomas Malthus, British academic, and his first cousin once removed, Harriet Eckersall[32]
- Delarivier Manley, British playwright and political satirist, and her first cousin John Manley[33]
- Mao Zedong, founder of the People's Republic of China, and his second cousin Luo Yixiu[34]
- Francis Marion, American revolutionary leader also called the "Swamp Fox," and his first cousin, Mary Esther Videau[35]
- Abraham Maslow, father of humanistic psychology, and his first cousin, Bertha Goodman[36]
- Darius Milhaud, French composer, and his first cousin, Madeleine Milhaud.[37]
- Christopher Robin Milne, son of author A. A. Milne and the Christopher Robin of the Winnie-the-Pooh books, and his first cousin Lesley Sélincourt.
- Marina Mora, Peruvian beauty queen and former Miss Peru, and her first cousin Gustavo Mora.[38]
- Mōri Terumoto, Japanese Daimyo in late 15th and early 16th century, and his cousin (first wife), Minami no Kata.
- Samuel Eliot Morison, historian, and his first cousin once removed, Agnes Priscilla Randolph Barton
- Samuel F. B. Morse, inventor of the Morse code, and his first cousin once removed, Sarah Elizabeth Griswold, his second wife[39]
- Naoe Kanetsugu, Japanese samurai and Karō of the Uesugi clan in 15th and 16th century, and his cousin, Osen.
- Ōtomo no Yakamochi, Japanese statesman and waka poet in the Nara period, and his cousin, Sakanoue no Ōiratsume.
- Edgar Allan Poe and his cousin, Virginia Clemm[40]
- Bolesław Prus, Polish novelist, and his cousin, Oktawia Trembińska.[41]
- Sergei Rachmaninoff, composer, and his cousin, Natalia Satina[42]
- Satyajit Ray, Indian film-maker, and his first cousin, Bijoya Ray[43]
- José Rizal, Philippine national hero who had a relationship with his first cousin Leonor Rivera.
- Franklin D. Roosevelt, US president, and his fifth cousin once removed, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt[44]
- Eisaku Sato, prime minister of Japan, and his cousin, Hiroko Sato[45]
- Greta Scacchi, actress of Presumed Innocent, and her first cousin, Carlo Mantegazza [46]
- Igor Stravinsky, composer, and his first cousin, Katerina Nossenko[47]
- Toyotomi Hideyori, Japanese Daimyō, a son of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and his cousin, Senhime.[48]
- Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian writer and 2010 Nobel Prize laureate, and his first cousin Patricia Llosa.[49]
- Martin Van Buren, future president of the US, and his first cousin once removed, Hannah Hoes[50]
- H. G. Wells, author, and his first cousin, Isabel Mary Wells (first wife)[51]
- Zack Wheat, baseball player, and his second cousin, Daisy Forsman.[52]
- William Whipple, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin, Catherine Moffatt[53]
Royalty
Europe
The royal couples listed below are but a sampling of the innumerable marriages that have occurred between cousins, of varying degrees, from royal or noble houses. Such royal intermarriages have been common, as it has generally been deemed inappropriate for royals to marry commoners.
Due to the constitutional interest that has attached to royals' marital status, as well as the fact that genealogical records for royal houses tend to be more readily available than those for commoners, their bloodlines are generally better known than those of commoners.
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Claudius
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Tsar Nicholas II
| Person | Spouse | Married | Relationship | Common Ancestor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agrippina the Elder | Germanicus | between 5 BC and 1 BC | Second cousins | Gaius Octavius and Atia Balba Caesonia |
| Prince Alexander of Teck | Princess Alice of Albany | St George's Chapel, Windsor, 10 February 1904 | Second cousins once removed | George III of the United Kingdom |
| Afonso V of Portugal | Isabel of Coimbra | 6 May 1447 | First cousins | John I of Portugal |
| Alfonso XI of Castile | Maria of Portugal (second wife) |
1328 | Double first cousins | Sancho IV of Castile; Denis of Portugal |
| Alfonso XII of Spain | Mercedes of Orléans (first wife) |
Atocha, Madrid, 23 January 1878 | First cousins | Ferdinand VII of Spain |
| Alfonso XII of Spain | Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria (second wife) |
Basilica of Atocha, Madrid, 29 November 1879 | Third cousins | Charles III of Spain |
| Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia | Winter Palace, St. Petersburg, 23 January 1874 | Third cousins once removed | Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg |
| Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein | Duchess Sophie in Bavaria | St. Florin's, Vaduz, 3 July 1993 | Fifth cousins once removed | Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria |
| Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn | Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia | St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, 13 March 1879 | Third cousins once removed | Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg |
| Prince Arthur of Connaught | Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife | Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 15 October 1913 | First cousins once removed | Queen Victoria |
| Carol II of Romania | Princess Helen of Greece and Denmark | Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens, 10 March 1921 | Second cousins | Queen Victoria |
| Princess Margaretha of Sweden | Prince Axel of Denmark | 22 May 1919 | first cousin once removed | Christian IX of Denmark |
| Catherine the Great | Peter III of Russia | 21 August 1745 | Second cousins | Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp |
| Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia | Duke George of Oldenburg (first husband) |
3 August 1809 | First cousins | Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg |
| Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia | William I of Württemberg (second husband) |
Saint Petersburg, 24 January 1816 | First cousins | Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg |
| Charles I of Austria | Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma | Schwarzau Castle, 21 October 1911 | Fourth cousins | Charles IV of Spain |
| Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy | Catherine of France (first wife) |
19 May 1440 | Third cousins | John II of France |
| Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy | Isabella of Bourbon (second wife) |
Lille, 30 October 1454 | First cousins | John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy |
| Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy | Margaret of York (third wife) |
Damme, 3 July 1468 | Third cousins | Edward III of England |
| Charles I of England | Henrietta Maria of France | St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, Kent, 13 June 1625 | Third cousins once removed | Francis, Count of Vendôme |
| Charles II, Duke of Parma | Princess Maria Teresa of Savoy | Lucca, 5 September 1820 | Double second cousins | Philip, Duke of Parma; Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria |
| Charles II of England | Catherine of Braganza | Domus Dei, Portsmouth, Hampshire, 21 May 1662 | Seventh cousins once removed | Ferdinand I of Aragon |
| Charles III, Duke of Parma | Louise Marie Thérèse d'Artois | Schloss Frohsdorf, Austria, 10 November 1845 | Second cousins | Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia |
| Charles IV of Spain | Maria Luisa of Parma | La Granja Palace, 4 September 1765 | First cousins | Philip V of Spain |
| Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | Isabella of Portugal | Seville, 10 March 1526 | First cousins | Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile |
| Charles VII of France | Marie of Anjou | 18 December 1422 | Second cousins | John II of France |
| Charles X of France | Princess Maria Theresa of Savoy | Palace of Versailles, 16 November 1773 | Double second cousins once removed | Louis, Dauphin of France; Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia |
| Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy | Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain | 1582 | First cousins once removed (through Francis I of France); Second cousins (through Manuel I of Portugal) |
Francis I of France; Manuel I of Portugal |
| Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia | Marie Clotilde of France | Palace of Versailles, 27 August 1775 | Double second cousin once removed | Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia; Louis, Dauphin of France |
| Charles Felix of Sardinia | Princess Maria Cristina of Naples and Sicily | Palermo, 6 April 1807 | First cousins once removed | Philip V of Spain |
| Christian VII of Denmark | Princess Caroline Matilda of Wales | Christiansborg Palace, Copenhagen, 8 November 1766 | First cousins | George II of Great Britain |
| Christian VIII of Denmark | Duchess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Ludwigslust, 21 June 1806 | First cousins | Ludwig, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
| Christian IX of Denmark | Louise of Hesse-Kassel | Amalienborg Palace, Copenhagen, 26 May 1842 | Double second cousins | Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain; Frederick V of Denmark |
| Claudia Antonia | Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix (second husband) |
AD 47 | Second cousins | Mark Antony |
| Claudius, Emperor of Rome | Valeria Messalina | Rome, AD 37 or AD 38 | First cousins once removed | Mark Antony and Octavia Minor |
| Constantine II of Greece | Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark | Athens, 18 September 1964 | Double third cousins | Christian IX of Denmark; Queen Victoria |
| Drusus Caesar | Aemilia Lepida | Third cousins | Scribonia | |
| Drusus Julius Caesar | Livilla | AD 4 | First cousins | Tiberius Claudius Nero |
| Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York | Infanta Isabella of Castile (first wife) |
1372 | Third cousins twice removed | Ferdinand III of Castile |
| Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York | Joan Holland (second wife) |
c. 4 November 1393 | Second cousins once removed | Edward I of England |
| Edward I of England | Eleanor of Castile (first wife) |
1254 | Second cousins once removed | Henry II |
| Edward I of England | Margaret of France (second wife) |
8 September 1299 | First cousins once removed | Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence |
| Edward II of England | Isabella of France | Boulogne-sur-Mer, 25 January 1308 | Third cousins once removed | Alfonso VIII of Castile |
| Edward III of England | Philippa of Hainault | York Minister, 24 January 1328 | Second cousins | Philip III of France |
| Edward VII of the United Kingdom | Princess Alexandra of Denmark | St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, 10 March 1863 | Fourth cousins | George II of Great Britain |
| Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales | Joan, 4th Countess of Kent | Windsor Castle, 10 October 1361 | First cousins once removed | Edward I of England |
| Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria | Archduke Ferdinand Karl Viktor of Austria-Este (first husband) |
Vienna, 4 October 1847 | Second cousins | Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria |
| Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria | Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria (second husband) |
Vienna, 18 April 1854 | First cousins | Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Queen Elizabeth II | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Westminster Abbey, 20 November 1947 | Second cousins once removed (through Christian IX of Denmark); Third cousins (through Queen Victoria) |
Christian IX of Denmark; Queen Victoria |
| Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy | Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry | 10 July 1559 | Half-first cousins once removed | Philip II, Duke of Savoy |
| Ernest Augustus I of Hanover | Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Carlton House, London, 29 August 1815 | First cousins | Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg |
| Ferdinand I of Austria | Princess Maria Anna of Savoy | Vienna, 27 February 1831 | Second cousins | Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria |
| Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein | 11 October 1905 | Half-second cousins once removed | Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld |
| Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies | Princess Maria Cristina of Savoy (first wife) |
Cagliari, 21 November 1832 | Second cousins | Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria |
| Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies | Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (second wife) |
Vienna, 9 January 1837 | Double second cousins | Charles III of Spain; Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria |
| Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany | Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily | Florence, 15 August 1790 | Double first cousins | Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony |
| Francis I of France | Claude of France, Duchess of Brittany | Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 18 May 1514 | Second cousins | Louis I, Duke of Orléans |
| Francis I of the Two Sicilies | Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria (first wife) |
Foggia, 26 June 1797 | Double first cousins | Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony |
| Francis I of the Two Sicilies | María Isabella of Spain (second wife) |
Barcelona, 6 July 1820 | First cousin | Charles III of Spain |
| Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor | Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily (second wife) |
15 September 1790 | Double first cousins | Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony |
| Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor | Archduchess Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este | 6 January 1808 | First cousin | Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria |
| Franz Joseph I of Austria | Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria | St. Augustine's Church, Vienna, 24 April 1854 | First cousins | Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria |
| Frederick III, German Emperor | Victoria, Princess Royal | Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 25 January 1858 | Third cousins | Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg |
| Frederick VI of Denmark | Princess Marie Sophie of Hesse-Kassel | Gottorp, 31 July 1790 | First cousins | Frederick V of Denmark |
| Frederick VII of Denmark | Princess Vilhelmine Marie of Denmark | Copenhagen, 1 November 1828 | Second cousins | Frederick V of Denmark |
| Frederick IX of Denmark | Princess Ingrid of Sweden | Stockholm, 24 May 1935 | Double third cousins | Oscar I of Sweden; Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden |
| Frederick William I of Prussia | Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover | 28 November 1706 | First cousins | Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Sophia of the Palatinate |
| Frederick William II of Prussia | Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | Schloss Salzdahlum, 14 July 1765 | Double first cousins | Frederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Duchess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
| Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia | Princess Sophie of Isenburg | Potsdam, 25 August 2011 | Sixth cousin once-removed | Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg |
| George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence | Lady Isabel Neville | Calais, France, 11 July 1469 | First cousins once removed | Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland and Joan Beaufort |
| George I of Great Britain | Duchess Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Celle | 22 November 1682 | First cousins | George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
| George II of Greece | Princess Elisabeth of Romania | Bucharest, 27 February 1921 | Second cousins | Queen Victoria |
| George IV of the United Kingdom | Princess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 8 April 1795 | First cousins | Frederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg |
| George V of the United Kingdom | Princess Mary of Teck | Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 6 July 1893 | Double second cousins once removed | George III of the United Kingdom; Landgrave Frederick III of Hesse-Kassel |
| Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan | Caterina Visconti | Church of San Giovanni in Conca, 2 October 1380 | First cousins | Stefano Visconti |
| Haakon VII of Norway | Princess Maud of Wales | Buckingham Palace, 22 July 1896 | First cousins | Christian IX of Denmark |
| Princess Helena of the United Kingdom | Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein | Windsor Castle, 5 July 1866 | Third cousins | Frederick, Prince of Wales |
| Princess Henrietta Anne of England | Philippe I, Duke of Orléans | 31 March 1661 | First cousins | Henry IV of France |
| Henry II of England | Eleanor of Aquitaine | 18 May 1152 | Half-third cousins | Ermengarde of Anjou |
| Henry IV of England | Mary de Bohun (first wife) |
Second cousins (through Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster); Third cousins (through Edward I of England |
Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster; Edward I of England | |
| Henry IV of England | Joan of Navarre (second wife) |
7 February 1403 | Third cousins | Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre |
| Henry IV of France | Margaret of Valois (first wife) |
Notre Dame Cathedral, 18 August 1572 | Second cousins | Charles, Count of Angoulême |
| Henry VI of England | Margaret of Anjou | Titchfield, Hampshire, 23 April 1445 | Third cousins | John II of France |
| Henry VII of England | Elizabeth of York | Westminster Abbey, 18 January 1486 | Third cousins | John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Katherine de Roet |
| Henry VIII of England | Catherine of Aragon (first wife) |
Greenwich Palace, 11 June 1509 (annulled 23 May 1533) |
Third cousins once removed (through John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster); Double fourth cousins (through Peter of Castile) |
John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster; Peter of Castile |
| Henry VIII of England | Anne Boleyn (second wife) |
Westminster Abbey, 25 January 1533 (annulled 17 May 1536) |
Seventh cousins twice removed | Edward I of England |
| Henry VIII of England | Jane Seymour (third wife) |
York Place, 30 May 1536 | Fifth cousins | Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster |
| Henry VIII of England | Anne of Cleves (fourth wife) |
Greenwich Palace, 6 January 1540 (annulled 9 July 1540) |
Ninth cousins | Edward I of England |
| Henry VIII of England | Catherine Howard (fifth wife) |
Oatlands Palace, 28 July 1540 (annulled 23 November 1541) |
Seventh cousins once removed | Edward I of England |
| Henry VIII of England | Catherine Parr (sixth wife) |
Hampton Court Palace, London, 12 July 1543 | Third cousins (through Sir Richard Wydeville); Third cousins once removed (through Lady Joan Beaufort) Double fourth cousins once removed (through Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent and John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster) |
Sir Richard Wydeville; Lady Joan Beaufort; Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent; John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster |
| Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Henry of Prussia | 24 May 1888 | First cousins | Queen Victoria |
| Isabella I of Castile | Ferdinand II of Aragon | Palacio de los Vivero, Valladolid, 19 October 1469 | Second cousins | John I of Castile |
| Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Marie Aglaë, Countess Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau | 30 July 1967 | Second cousins once removed | Ferdinand Bonaventura, 7th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau |
| Isabella II of Spain | Francis, Duke of Cádiz | 10 October 1846 | Double first cousins | Charles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma; Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain |
| James I of England | Anne of Denmark | Old Bishop's Palace in Oslo, 23 November 1589 | Third cousins once removed | Christian I of Denmark |
| James II of England | Mary of Modena (second wife) |
21 November 1673 | Fourth cousins twice removed | Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile |
| James IV of Scotland | Margaret Tudor | Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, 8 August 1503 | Third cousins | John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset |
| John Manuel, Prince of Portugal | Archduchess Joan of Austria | Lisbon, 20 January 1554 | Double first cousins | Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile; Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon |
| John I of Portugal | Philippa of Lancaster | 11 February 1387 | Fourth cousins once removed | James I of Aragon |
| John II of Portugal | Eleanor of Viseu | 22 January 1470 | First cousins | Edward of Portugal |
| John III of Portugal | Catherine of Austria | 10 February 1525 | First cousins | Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile |
| John V Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor | Helena Kantakouzene | Constantinople, 28 May 1347 | Second cousins | Michael VIII Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor |
| John V of Portugal | Maria Anna of Austria | 27 October 1708 | First cousins | Philip William, Elector Palatine |
| John VI of Portugal | Carlota of Spain | 8 May 1785 | Second cousins | Philip V of Spain |
| John V, Count of Armagnac | Isabelle d'Armagnac, dame des Quatre-Vallées | c. 1450. Papal dispensation declared forged 1457[54] | Full siblings[55][56] | John IV, Count of Armagnac |
| John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster | Blanche of Lancaster (first wife) |
Reading Abbey, Reading, Berkshire, 19 May 1359 | Third cousins | Henry III of England |
| John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster | Infanta Constance of Castile (second wife) |
Roquefort, 21 September 1371 | Third cousins twice removed | Ferdinand III of Castile |
| Juan Carlos I of Spain | Princess Sophia of Greece and Denmark | Church of Saint Dennis, Athens, 14 May 1962 | Third cousins, Third cousins once removed | Queen Victoria |
| Julia | Nero Caesar (first husband) |
AD 20 | First cousins | Nero Claudius Drusus |
| Julia the Elder | Marcus Claudius Marcellus | Rome, 25 BC | First cousins | Gaius Octavius and Atia Balba Caesonia |
| Karl Anton August, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck | Countess Charlotte of Dohna-Schlodien | Königsberg, 30 May 1754 | First cousins | Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck |
| Khalil of Bithynia | Irene Palaiologina (daughter of John V Palaiologos) |
First cousins | John VI Kantakouzenos, Byzantine Emperor | |
| Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany | Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont | St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, 27 April 1882 | Third cousins twice removed | Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg |
| Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor | Margarita Teresa of Spain (first wife) |
Vienna, 12 December 1666 | First cousins[57] | Philip III of Spain |
| Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany | Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies (second wife) |
Naples, 7 June 1833 | First cousins | Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies |
| Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence | Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster (first wife) |
Tower of London, 15 August 1352 | Third cousins once removed | Edward I of England |
| Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans | Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon | Palace of Versailles, 5 April 1769 | Second cousins | Philippe II, Duke of Orléans |
| Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse | Princess Wilhelmine of Baden | 19 June 1804 | First cousins | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | Princess Alice of the United Kingdom | Osborne House, 1 July 1862 | Fourth cousins | Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
| Louis XIV of France | Maria Theresa of Spain | Saint Jean-Baptiste Church, Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 9 June 1660 | Double first cousins | Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici; Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria |
| Louis XVI of France | Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria | Palace of Versailles, 16 May 1770 | Second cousins once removed | Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Louis XII of France | Anne, Duchess of Brittany (second wife) |
8 January 1499 | First cousins once removed | Louis I, Duke of Orléans |
| Louis XVIII of France | Princess Marie Joséphine of Savoy | Palace of Versailles, 14 May 1771 | Double second cousins once removed | Louis, Dauphin of France and Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria; Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and Anne Marie d'Orléans |
| Louise, Princess Royal | Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife | Buckingham Palace, 27 July 1889 | Third cousins | George III of the United Kingdom |
| Manuel I of Portugal | Isabella, Princess of Asturias (first wife) |
Estremoz, 3 November 1490 | Second cousins | Ferdinand I of Aragon; John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster |
| Manuel I of Portugal | Maria of Aragon (second wife) |
Alcazar de Sal, 30 October 1500 | Second cousins | Ferdinand I of Aragon; John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster |
| Manuel I of Portugal | Eleanor of Austria (third wife) |
16 July 1518 | Niece | Ferdinand I of Aragon; John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster |
| Manuel II of Portugal | Princess Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern | 4 September 1913 | Third cousins | Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya |
| Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome | Faustina the Younger | 13 May 145 | Second cousins | Libo Rupilius Frugi and Salonina Matidia |
| Princess Marie Thérèse of France | Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême | Mittau, Courland, 10 June 1799 | First cousins | Louis, Dauphin of France |
| Mary, Queen of Scots | Francis II of France (first husband) |
24 April 1558 | Second cousins | Jean VIII, Count of Vendôme |
| Mary, Queen of Scots | Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley (second husband) |
Chapel-Royal, Palace of Holyroodhouse, Edinburgh, 9 July 1565 | Half-first cousins | Margaret Tudor |
| Mary, Queen of Scots | James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell (third husband) |
Great Hall, Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh, 15 May 1567 | Half-third cousins once removed | Lady Joan Beaufort |
| Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor | Mary, Duchess of Burgundy (first wife) |
Ghent, 18 August 1477 | Second cousins | John I of Portugal |
| Maximilian I of Mexico | Princess Charlotte of Belgium | Brussels, 27 July 1857 | Second cousins | Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies |
| Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor | Maria of Spain | 13 September 1548 | First cousins | Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile |
| Michael of Romania | Princess Anne of Bourbon-Parma | Athens, 10 June 1948 | Second cousins once removed | Christian IX of Denmark |
| Miguel, Duke of Braganza | Princess Maria Theresa of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg | Kleinheubach, 8 November 1893 | First cousins | Constantine, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg |
| Napoleon Louis Bonaparte | Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte | First cousins | Carlo Buonaparte | |
| Nero, Emperor of Rome | Claudia Octavia | Rome, 9 June AD 53 | First cousins once removed | Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus and Antonia Major |
| Nicholas I of Russia | Princess Charlotte of Prussia | Chapel of the Winter Palace, 13 July 1817 | Third cousins | Frederick William I of Prussia |
| Nicholas II of Russia | Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine | Grand Church of the Winter Palace, Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg, 26 November 1894 | Second cousins | Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine |
| Olav V of Norway | Princess Märtha of Sweden | Oslo Cathedral, 21 March 1929 | First cousins | Frederick VIII of Denmark |
| Paul of Greece | Princess Frederica of Hanover | Athens, 9 January 1938 | First cousins once removed (through Frederick III, German Emperor); Second cousins (through Christian IX of Denmark) |
Frederick III, German Emperor; Christian IX of Denmark |
| Pedro I of Brazil | Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria (first wife) |
1817 | Second cousins | Charles III of Spain |
| Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster | Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March | Reading Abbey, 1368 | Third cousins once removed | Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester |
| Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy | Isabella of Portugal (third wife) |
Bruges, 7 January 1430 | Third cousins | William I, Count of Hainaut |
| Philip II of Spain | Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal (first cousins) |
15 November 1543 | Double first cousins | Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile; Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon |
| Philip II of Spain | Mary I of England (second wife) |
Winchester Cathedral, 25 July 1554 | Cousin of his father, aunt tho Philipp | Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile |
| Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg | Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma | 6 November 1919 | First cousins | Miguel of Portugal |
| Philip V of Spain | Princess Maria Luisa of Savoy (first wife) |
Barcelona, 2 November 1701 | Double second cousins | Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy; Louis XIII of France |
| Philip V of Spain | Elisabeth Farnese (second wife) |
Parma, 24 December 1714 | Third cousins | William V, Duke of Bavaria |
| Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Princess Louise of Belgium | Brussels, 4 February 1875 (divorced Gotha, 15 January 1906) |
First cousins once removed (through Louis Philippe I of France); Second cousins (through Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld) |
Louis Philippe I of France; Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld |
| Prince Philippe, Count of Paris | Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans | 30 May 1864 | First cousins | Louis Philippe I of France |
| Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge | Anne de Mortimer | May 1406 | First cousins twice removed | Edward III of England |
| Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York | Lady Cecily Neville | 1429 | Second cousins | Edward III of England |
| Richard II of England | Anne of Bohemia (first wife) |
Westminster Abbey, 20 January 1382 | Fourth cousins | Henry III, Duke of Brabant |
| Richard II of England | Isabella of Valois (second wife) |
31 October 1396 | Half-third cousins | Charles, Count of Valois |
| Richard III of England | Lady Anne Neville | Westminster Abbey, 12 July 1472 | First cousins once removed | Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland and Joan Beaufort |
| Robert I, Duke of Parma | Princess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (first wife) |
Rome, 5 April 1869 | Half-first cousins once removed | Francis I of the Two Sicilies |
| Umberto I of Italy | Princess Margherita of Savoy | 21 April 1868 | First cousins | Charles Albert of Sardinia |
| Victor Emmanuel II of Italy | Archduchess Adelaide of Austria | Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi, 12 April 1842 | First cousins | Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano |
| Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (first husband) |
Schloss Ehrenburg, Coburg, 9 April 1894 | First cousins | Queen Victoria |
| Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Grand Duke Cyril Vladimirovich of Russia (second husband) |
Tegernsee, 8 October 1905 | First cousins | Alexander II of Russia |
| Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Louis of Battenberg | Darmstadt, 30 April 1884 | First cousins once removed | Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine |
| Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom | Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 10 February 1840 | First cousins | Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld |
| Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh | Princess Mary of Great Britain | 22 July 1816 | First cousins | Frederick, Prince of Wales |
| Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Princess Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg | 27 February 1881 | Half-second cousins | Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld |
| William I of the Netherlands | Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia | Berlin, 1 October 1791 | First cousin | Prince Augustus William of Prussia |
| William III of the Netherlands | Princess Sophie of Württemberg (first wife) |
Stuttgart, 18 June 1839 | First cousins | Paul I of Russia |
| William III of England | Mary II of England | 4 November 1677 | First cousins | Charles I of England |
Outside Europe
Kamehameha IV
Queen Emma
Guangxu Emperor
Prince Shōtoku
- King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand and his first cousin once removed Mom Rajawongse Sirikit Kitiyakara
- Prithviraj Chauhan of India and his first cousin once removed Sanyogita.
- King Darius I of Persia and his third cousin, Atossa
- Emperor Ichijō of Japan and his wife Fujiwara no Akiko
- Emperor Kōbun of Japan and Empress Tōchi
- King Kamehameha the Great of Hawaiʻi and his second cousins: Queen Kaahumanu, Queen Kaheiheimālie and Queen Namahana Piʻia
- Alexander Liholiho King Kamehameha IV of Hawaiʻi and his second cousin, Queen Emma Kaleleonalani Naʻea
- Hussein of Jordan and his first cousin once removed Sharifa Dina bint 'Abdu'l-Hamid
- Prince Hamzah bin Al Hussein and his second cousin Princess Noor Hamzah
- Prince Nagaya of Japan and his wife Princess Kibi
- Prince Shōtoku of Japan and his wife Princess Uji no Kaitako
- Zaitian, the Guangxu Emperor and his first cousin, Yehenara Jingfen
- Emperor Hirohito of Japan and his distant cousin Princess Nagako of Kuni
- Crown Prince Sado of Joseon and his fourth cousin twice removed Lady Hong Hyegyeong
- Vajiralongkorn, Crown Prince of Thailand and his first cousin Mom Luang Soamsavali Kitiyakara
- Zaichun, the Tongzhi Emperor and his second cousin Lady Alute[58]
- Emperor Taizong of Tang and his second cousin Consort Yang[59]
- Emperor Zhongzong of Tang and his first cousin Lady Zhao[60]
- Emperor Xianzong of Tang and his first cousin once removed Lady Guo
- Emperor Wen of Western Wei and his first cousin Lady Yifu
- Takako, Princess Suga of Japan and her distant cousin Hisanaga Shimazu
- Emperor Wu of Han and his first cousin Chen Jiao
- Emperor Guangwu of Han and his fifth cousin once removed Guo Shengtong
- Puyi, Xuantong Emperor and his fourth cousin thrice-removed Gobulo Wan Rong
- Princess Wen Ying (younger sister of Puyi) and her fourth cousin thrice-removed Gobulo Runliang (full older brother of Wan Rong)
- Princess Wen Wing (younger sister of Puyi) and her fourth cousin thrice-removed Gobulo Runqi (younger half-brother of Wan Rong)
- Princess Baling of Tang (daughter of Emperor Taizong of Tang) and her first cousin Chai Lingwu, Duke of Xiangyang[61]
- Emperor Ruizong of Tang and his second cousin Consort Dou
- Princess Taiping of Tang (daughter of Emperor Gaozong of Tang) and her first husband and first cousin Xue Shao,[62] as well as her second husband and second cousin Wu Youji, Prince Zhongdian of Ding
- Li Xianhui, Lady Yongtai (daughter of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang) and her first cousin Wu Yanji, Prince of Wei[63][64]
- Li Guo'er, Princess Anle and her first husband and second cousin Wu Chongxun, Prince of Gaoyang,[65] as well as her second husband and first cousin Wu Yanxiu, Prince of Huaiyang[63][66]
- King Muyeol of Silla and his first cousin once removed Kim Mun-hui (posthumously known as Queen Munmyeong)
- Princess Cheonmyeong of Silla (daughter of King Jinpyeong of Silla) and her first cousin once removed Kim Yongsu
- State Princess Wenxian (daughter of the Kangxi Emperor) and her second cousin Tunggiya Shun’anyan
- King Xerxes I of Persia and his first cousin Amestris
- King Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid Empire and his first cousin Princess Laodice of Pontus
- King Mithridates III of Commagene and his first cousin Princess Isias Philostorgos of Cappadocia
- King Antiochus VIII Grypus of the Seleucid Empire and his first cousin Princess Tryphaena of Egypt
- Gaius Julius Archelaus Antiochus Epiphanes and his fourth cousin or third cousin once removed Claudia Capitolina
Aristocracy
| Person | Spouse | Married | Relationship | Common Ancestor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lady Frances Brandon | Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk (first husband) |
Southwark, London, 1533 | Half-second cousins | Elizabeth Woodville |
| Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester | Amy Robsart (first wife) |
4 June 1550 | Sixth cousins once removed | Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick |
| Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester | Lettice Knollys (second wife) |
Wanstead Park, Essex, 21 September 1578 | Sixth cousins | Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick |
| Jessica Mitford | Esmond Romilly | 18 May 1937 | second cousin | |
| Pedro Sánchez de Tagle, 2nd Marquis of Altamira | Luisa Sánchez de Tagle (daughter of Luis Sánchez de Tagle, 1st Marquis of Altamira) |
First cousins | Don Anselmo Sánchez de Tagle | |
| María de la Paz Rodríguez Albuerne y Girón (daughter of Manuel Rodriguez de Albuerne y Pérez de Tagle, 5th Marquis of Altamira) |
José María Trespalacios Rodríguez de Albuerne | First cousins | Don Juan Rodríguez de Albuerne and Luisa Pérez de Tagle, 4th Marquesa of Altamira | |
| Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham | Lady Anne Neville | Raby Castle, County Durham, before 18 October 1424 | Second cousins | Edward III of England |
| Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Stafford | Lady Margaret Beaufort | Third cousins | Edward III of England | |
| Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March | Lady Alianore Holland | 7 October 1388 | Third cousins once removed | Edward I of England |
| Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent | Lady Alice FitzAlan | 10 April 1364 | Third cousins | Henry III of England |
| Lady Eleanor Neville | Richard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh (first husband) |
Second cousins | Edward III of England | |
| Lady Eleanor Neville | Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland (second husband) |
Second cousins | Ralph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville de Raby | |
| John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset | Lady Margaret Holland | 27 September 1397 | Third cousins | Edward I of England |
| Lady Elizabeth Percy | Ralph Neville, 2nd Earl of Westmorland (second husband) |
1426 | Second cousins once removed | Ralph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville de Raby |
| Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex | Isabel of Cambridge | Second cousins | Edward III of England | |
| Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March | Lady Anne Stafford | Second cousins | Edward III of England | |
| John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk | Eleanor Bourchier | Second cousins once removed | Edward III of England | |
| Lady Katherine Neville | John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (first husband) |
12 January 1411 | Fourth cousins | Edward I of England |
| Giovanni dalle Bande Nere | Maria Salviati | 15 November 1516 | Third cousins once removed | Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici |
| Laudomia de' Medici | Piero Strozzi | 1539 | Fourth cousins once removed | Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici |
| Laudomia de' Medici | Alamanno Salviati | Fourth cousins | Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici | |
| Maddalena de' Medici | Roberto Strozzi | Fourth cousins once removed | Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici | |
| Lady Catherine Grey | Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford (second husband) |
Hertford House, Canon Row, London, c. 27 November 1560 | Sixth cousins once removed | Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster |
| Lady Jane Grey | Lord Guildford Dudley | Durham House, London, 21 May 1553 | Third cousins once removed | Elizabeth Ferrers, 6th Baroness Ferrers of Groby |
| Lord Edward Cavendish | Emma Lascelles | 3 August 1865 | First cousins | George Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle |
| William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire | Lady Blanche Georgiana Howard | 6 August 1829 | Second cousins | William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire and Charlotte Boyle, 6th Baroness Clifford |
| Isabella Appiani, Princess of Piombino | Paolo Giordano II Orsini, Duke of Bracciano (second husband) |
Rome, 1622 | Third cousins | Jacopo Salviati |
| Henry Sturt, 1st Baron Alington | Lady Augusta Bingham (first wife) |
10 September 1853 | First cousins | Robert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan |
| William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster | Maud of Lancaster | before 16 November 1327 | Third cousins once removed | Henry III of England |
| George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough | Lady Jane Stewart (first wife) |
St George's, Hanover Square, London, 13 January 1819 | First cousins | John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway |
| Lady Louisa Spencer-Churchill (daughter of George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough) |
The Hon. Robert Spencer (son of Francis Spencer, 1st Baron Churchill) |
4 July 1845 | First cousins once removed | George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough |
Other consanguineous couples
These are uncle-niece or aunt-nephew unions. (See "Avunculate marriage".)
Commoners
Díaz
Rothschild
Sienkiewicz
Voltaire
D
- Porfirio Díaz, president of Mexico (1876–80, 1884–1911), and his niece Delfina Ortega Díaz
H
- Klara Hitler, daughter of Johann Pölzl and Johanna Hiedler and Adolf Hitler's mother. Either her grandfather Johann Nepomuk Hiedler or his brother was likely her husband Alois Hitler's biological father. Moreover, Johann was her future husband's step-uncle. Even after they were married, Klara still called her husband "Uncle".[67][68]
- Adolf Hitler was rumored to have a romantic relationship with his niece Geli Raubal.
M
- Richard von Metternich (son of the famous Austrian Chancellor) and his niece, Pauline von Metternich.
R
- James Mayer de Rothschild, founder of the French branch of the Rothschild banking family, and his niece Betty Salomon von Rothschild.
S
- Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish novelist, and his niece, Maria Babska.[69]
V
- Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet), and his niece, Marie Louise Mignot Denis.[70]
Royalty
Europe
- Amedeo I of Spain and his niece, Maria Letizia Bonaparte (second wife)
- Prince Augustus Ferdinand of Prussia and his niece Margravine Elisabeth Louise of Brandenburg-Schwedt
- Benedita, Dowager Princess of Brazil, and her nephew, José, Prince of Brazil
- Infante Carlos, Count of Molina, and his niece, Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal, and later his niece, Maria Teresa of Portugal
- Roman Emperor Claudius and his fourth wife and niece, Agrippina the Younger
- Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria, and his niece, Anne Juliana Gonzaga
- Ferdinand VII of Spain and his niece Maria Isabel of Portugal, and later his niece Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
- Francis IV, Duke of Modena, and his niece, Maria Beatrice of Savoy (titular queen of England and Scotland according to the Jacobite succession)
- Leonidas, King of Sparta and his half-niece, Gorgo[71]
- Pedro III of Portugal and his niece Maria I
- Philip II of Spain and his niece, Anna of Austria (fourth wife)
- Philip IV of Spain and his niece, Mariana of Austria (second wife)
Outside Europe
Kamehameha the Great
- King Kamehameha the Great of Hawaiʻi and his niece Queen Keopuolani
See also
- Avunculate marriage
- Consanguinity
- Cousin marriage
- Marriage
- Marriages of the British monarchy
References
- Notes
- ^ This Day in History in 1828, www.history.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ HOASM: Johann Sebastian Bach, Here of a Sunday Morning. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Goodrich, Charles A. (1829). Lives of the Signers to the Declaration of Independence, pp. 131-38. New York: William Reed & Co.
- ^ Charles Bulfinch biography, nndb. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Floride Bonneau Colhoun Calhoun (Mrs. John C. Calhoun), Clemson University. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Jeanne Calment, World's Elder, Dies at 122, The New York Times. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ THREE GENERATIONS OF CARROLLS, Charles Carroll House. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Intimate Disclosures in Darwin Letters, The New York Times, 8-29-1915. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Peter Raven & George Johnson (1995). Understanding Biology 3rd Edition. Wm. C. Brown Communications. p. 287. ISBN 0-697-22213-6.
- ^ "THE MYSTERY OF MAZO DE LA ROCHE". http://www.openbooktoronto.com/mystery_mazo_de_la_roche. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
- ^ "Alfred I. duPont Papers". http://library.wlu.edu/research/specialcollections/alfredid.pdf. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ Albert Einstein -- Great Minds, Great Thinkers, edInformatics. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Notable Kin: NEW HAMPSHIRE, RHODE ISLAND, AND CONSTITUTION SIGNERS, New England Historic Genealogical Society. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Notable Kin: Boston Cousins of Queen Victoria and Yankee Ancestors of Mrs. Thomas Philip, New England Historic Genealogical Society. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2001). The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga. Simon and Schuster. pp.88-89.
- ^ Carlo Gambino, His Rise As New York's Mafia King, John J. Flood and Jim McGough. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Biographies - Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Gale Group. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Rudy Giuliani, nndb. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Spalding, Frances. Duncan Grant: A Biography. Random House. ISBN 0-7126-6640-0.
- ^ Edward and Nina Grieg, Peter Hughes. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ The Bloodlines of Statesment and Noblemen, Pat Roberts. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Notable Kin - The Flowering of New England, Part Two: The Poets Bryant, Holmes, Longfellow, J.R. Lowell, and Whittier, Gary Boyd Roberts. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Notable Kin: NEW HAMPSHIRE, RHODE ISLAND, AND CONSTITUTION SIGNERS, New England Historic and Genealogical Society. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Zee James - Wife of Jesse James, Kathy Weiser. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Subtle change of seasons, The Economist. Retrieved 8-06-2010.
- ^ Nobusuke Kishi Biography, Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Myra Lewis-Williams Interview
- ^ The Straight Dope: What's wrong with cousins marrying?
- ^ Harvard's Unitarian Presidents - Abbott Lawrence Lowell, Katia Savchuk. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ The Great Enterprise, CBC. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Gerardo Machado, History of Cuba. Retrieved 1-29-2010.
- ^ Conversations with Maltus, Dr Suzanne Rickard. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ [1], Delarivier Manely
- ^ Mao's paternal grandmother and Luo's paternal grandfather were siblings
- ^ Brigadier General Francis Marion of the American Army, myrevolutionarywar.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Abraham Maslow, nndb. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Madeleine Milhaud: Actress wife of the composer, The Independent. Retrieved 9-6-2010.
- ^ [2], "Marina Mora se casa con su primo hermano ". Retrieved 9-21-2010.
- ^ Morse Papers, Library of Congress. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Outlines of English and American Literature, William J. Long. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Tyszkiewicz, Teresa (1971). Bolesław Prus. Warsaw: Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Szkolnych. pp. 28–30.
- ^ Biography of Sergei Rachmaninoff, Sonal Panse. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Arup Kr De, "Ties that Bind" by The Statesman, Calcutta, 27 April 2008. Quote: "Satyajit Ray had an unconventional marriage. He married Bijoya (born 1917), youngest daughter of his eldest maternal uncle, Charuchandra Das, in 1948 in a secret ceremony in Bombay after a long romantic relationship that had begun around the time he left college in 1940. The marriage was reconfirmed in Calcutta the next year at a traditional religious ceremony."
- ^ Biography of Eleanor Roosevelt, FDR Library. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ The Wife Tells All, Time Magazine. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ This much I know: Greta Scacchi, actor, 48, Sussex, The Observer. Retrieved 1-04-2009.
- ^ Igor Stravinsky, nndb. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Shogun and Samurai - Tales of Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, and Ieyasu, Okanoya Shigezane. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Williams, Raymond L. (2001), Vargas Llosa: otra historia de un deicidio, Mexico: Taurus, p. 54, ISBN 968-19-0814-7
- ^ Martin van Buren, The New Netherland Institute. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ H.G. Wells, Free Online Library. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ [3], "Society for American Baseball Research"/ Retrieved 4-8-2012.
- ^ William Whipple and the Declaration of Independence, Speech given by Comrade Joseph Foster, Paymaster U.S. Navy, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 11-20-1892. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
- ^ Traditio 23. Canonical Implications of Richard III's Plan to Marry His Niece. Kelly, H.A. 1967 pp. 269-311.
- ^ Les Cahiers de Saint Louis. Dupont, Jacques and Saillot, Jacques. 1987. Angers et Nantes, p. 755. (In French).
- ^ Europäische Stammtafeln Neue Folge. Armagnac, Cte d' (Lomagne). Schwennicke, Detlev, editor. Volume III, Section 3, Table 571. (In German)
- ^ Also uncle and niece
- ^ Both were great-grandchildren of the Jiaqing Emperor
- ^ Both were great-grandchildren of General Dugu Xin
- ^ His father (Emperor Gaozong) and her mother (Princess Changle) were siblings.
- ^ They were both grandchildren of Emperor Gaozu of Tang and his wife Duchess Dou
- ^ Xue Shao was the son of Princess Chengyang, Emperor Gaozong's sister, by her second husband Xue Yao
- ^ a b Both were grandchildren of Wu Shihuo, Duke Ding of Ying.
- ^ Eldest son of Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Chengsi, Prince Xuan of Wei.
- ^ Both were great-grandchildren of Wu Shihuo, Duke Ding of Ying. Princess Anle was the granddaughter of Wu Shihuo's second daughter Empress Wu Zetian, while Wu Chongxun was the grandson of Wu Shihuo's elder son Wu Yuanqing.
- ^ Second son of Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Chengsi, Prince Xuan of Wei.
- ^ The Hitler Family Tree
- ^ http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/33d/33dWImages/HitlerFamilyTreeMarcuse950pxw.png
- ^ They married in 1904. See the Polish Wikipedia article on "Henryk Sienkiewicz."
- ^ Durant, Will; Ariel Durant (1965). The Age of Voltaire: a History of Civilization in Western Europe from 1715 to 1756, with Special Emphasis on the Conflict between Religion and Philosophy. New York: Simon and Schuster. pp. 391–93.
- ^ Sparta Revisited - Spartan Leodnidas I and Gorgo
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