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Madison County, Illinois
Map of Illinois highlighting Madison County
Location in the state of Illinois
Map of the U.S
Illinois's location in the U.S.
Founded September 14, 1812
Seat Edwardsville
Area
 - Total
 - Land
 - Water

740.35 sq mi (1,917 km²)
725.02 sq mi (1,878 km²)
15.33 sq mi (40 km²), 2.07%
Population
 - (2020)
 - Density

264,776
366/sq mi (141.3/km²)

Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. Madison County is part of the Metro-East region of the St. Louis Metro Area. As of 2020, the population was 264,776. The county seat is Edwardsville, Illinois, home to Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville.[1] The largest town in the county is Alton, Illinois known for its abolitionist and American Civil War-era history. It is also the home of Southern Illinois University Dental School.

Geography[]

According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 740.35 square miles (1,917.5 km2), of which 725.02 square miles (1,877.8 km2) (or 97.93%) is land and 15.33 square miles (39.7 km2) (or 2.07%) is water.[2] Madison County is on the Mississippi River, while the other major body of water is Horseshoe Lake.

Major expressways and highways[]

  • I-55 I-55
  • I-70 I-70
  • I-255 I-255
  • I-270 I-270
  • US 40 US-40
  • US 67 US-67
  • Illinois 3 IL-3
  • Illinois 4 IL-4
  • Illinois 100 IL-100
  • Illinois 162 IL-162
  • Illinois 140 IL-140
  • Illinois 160 IL-160
  • Illinois 143 IL-143
  • Illinois 157 IL-157
  • Illinois 159 IL-159
  • Illinois 111 IL-111
  • Illinois 203 IL-203
  • Illinois 255 IL-255
  • Illinois 267 IL-267

Adjacent counties[]

History[]

Historical populations
Census Pop.
1820 13,550
1830 6,221 −54.1%
1840 14,433 132.0%
1850 20,441 41.6%
1860 31,251 52.9%
1870 44,131 41.2%
1880 50,126 13.6%
1890 51,535 2.8%
1900 64,694 25.5%
1910 89,847 38.9%
1920 106,895 19.0%
1930 143,830 34.6%
1940 149,349 3.8%
1950 182,307 22.1%
1960 224,689 23.2%
1970 250,934 11.7%
1980 247,691 −1.3%
1990 249,238 0.6%
2000 258,941 3.9%
2010 269,282 4.0%
UVa Census Browser 1820-1890[3]
Illinois Counties 1900-1990[4]

Madison County was established on September 14, 1812. It was formed from parts of Randolph and St. Clair counties and named for President James Madison.[5] At the time of its formation, Madison County included all of the modern State of Illinois north of St. Louis, as well as all of the modern state of Wisconsin and part of Minnesota and Michigan's Upper Peninsula.

In the late 19th century, Madison County became an industrial powerhouse, and in the 20th century, was known for first, Graniteware, and later, its steel mills, oil refineries, and other heavy industry. It had a large working-class population, and the county and surrounding area became known as a center of strength for the Democratic Party.

Industrial restructuring drew off many jobs and population. Today, the county is part of the semi-rural, sparsely populated eastern portion of the St. Louis metropolitan area (nicknamed "Metro East") along with neighboring St. Clair County.

In 2009, the EPA issued an air pollution report that ranked Madison County as the county with the second-highest cancer risk in the country due to air pollution, second only to Los Angeles County, California.

Demographics[]

As of the U.S. Census of 2000,[6] there were 258,941 people, 101,953 households, and 70,041 families residing in the county. The population density was 357 people per square mile (138/km²). There were 108,942 housing units at an average density of 150 per square mile (58/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 90.23% White, 7.31% Black or African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.60% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.49% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. 1.52% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 30.2% were of German, 11.6% American, 10.4% Irish and 9.2% English ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 101,953 households out of which 32.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.00% were married couples living together, 11.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.30% were non-families. 26.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the county the population was spread out with 24.90% under the age of 18, 9.40% from 18 to 24, 28.90% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 14.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 93.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $41,541, and the median income for a family was $50,862. Males had a median income of $39,857 versus $25,968 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,509. About 7.20% of families and 9.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.70% of those under age 18 and 7.30% of those age 65 or over.

Politics[]

Like much of southern Illinois, Madison County was a predominantly Democratic area for much of its history, but in recent elections has been moving towards the Republicans. Mitt Romney narrowly carried the county in the 2012 presidential election, becoming the first Republican presidential nominee to do so since 1984. In 2016, Donald Trump carried the largest share of the vote for any Republican presidential candidate since 1972. The county also supported the Republican candidates for governor in 2010 and 2014.

United States presidential election results for Madison County, Illinois[7]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 76,031 55.27% 57,836 42.04% 3,691 2.68%
2016 70,490 54.15% 50,587 38.86% 9,102 6.99%
2012 60,608 49.32% 58,922 47.95% 3,355 2.73%
2008 57,177 44.43% 68,979 53.60% 2,534 1.97%
2004 59,384 48.02% 63,399 51.26% 895 0.72%
2000 48,821 43.94% 59,077 53.17% 3,206 2.89%
1996 35,758 35.55% 53,568 53.26% 11,247 11.18%
1992 32,167 28.19% 58,484 51.26% 23,444 20.55%
1988 44,907 45.04% 54,175 54.34% 613 0.61%
1984 57,021 53.94% 48,352 45.74% 340 0.32%
1980 51,160 51.10% 43,860 43.81% 5,104 5.10%
1976 44,183 43.32% 56,457 55.35% 1,358 1.33%
1972 55,385 55.88% 43,289 43.68% 442 0.45%
1968 39,622 39.18% 46,384 45.87% 15,123 14.95%
1964 30,009 31.55% 65,115 68.45% 0 0.00%
1960 42,984 43.90% 54,787 55.96% 133 0.14%
1956 39,413 45.10% 47,897 54.80% 88 0.10%
1952 36,206 41.60% 50,734 58.29% 99 0.11%
1948 25,059 37.79% 40,897 61.68% 350 0.53%
1944 28,399 41.23% 40,114 58.24% 359 0.52%
1940 30,445 40.10% 44,803 59.01% 681 0.90%
1936 22,073 33.60% 42,172 64.20% 1,441 2.19%
1932 19,774 34.55% 35,211 61.52% 2,253 3.94%
1928 28,028 53.48% 23,658 45.14% 720 1.37%
1924 19,926 47.61% 12,863 30.74% 9,062 21.65%
1920 19,249 57.82% 10,149 30.48% 3,894 11.70%
1916 17,594 49.82% 16,302 46.16% 1,421 4.02%
1912 5,462 30.57% 7,155 40.04% 5,251 29.39%
1908 9,463 51.14% 7,812 42.22% 1,228 6.64%
1904 9,009 57.12% 5,429 34.42% 1,333 8.45%
1900 8,106 53.36% 6,753 44.46% 331 2.18%
1896 7,431 53.26% 6,344 45.47% 177 1.27%
1892 5,355 45.89% 5,680 48.68% 634 5.43%



Political subdivisions[]

Townships.Madison.Co

Map of Madison County, Illinois.

Cities[]

Villages[]

  • Alhambra
  • Bethalto
  • East Alton
  • Glen Carbon
  • Godfrey
  • Grantfork
  • Hamel
  • Hartford
  • Livingston
  • Marine
  • Maryville
  • New Douglas
  • Pontoon Beach
  • Roxana
  • South Roxana
  • St. Jacob
  • Williamson
  • Worden

Unincorporated communities[]

  • Cloverleaf
  • Cottage Hills
  • Dorsey
  • Dunlap Lake
  • Eagle Park
  • Glen
  • Holiday Shores
  • Kaufman
  • Lumaghi Heights
  • Mitchell
  • Peters
  • Prairietown
  • Rosewood
  • Rosewood Heights
  • State Park Place

Townships[]

Madison County is divided into twenty-four townships:

  • Alhambra
  • Alton
  • Chouteau
  • Collinsville
  • Edwardsville
  • Fort Russell
  • Foster
  • Godfrey
  • Granite City
  • Hamel
  • Helvetia
  • Jarvis
  • Leef
  • Marine
  • Moro
  • Nameoki
  • New Douglas
  • Olive
  • Omphghent
  • Pin Oak
  • Saline
  • St. Jacob
  • Venice
  • Wood River

Transportation[]

Madison County Transit serves the county with 25 bus routes and 85 miles (137 km) of bike trails.

Climate and weather[]

Climate chart for Edwardsville, Illinois
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
1.99
 
36
19
 
 
2.30
 
42
24
 
 
3.47
 
52
34
 
 
4.16
 
64
45
 
 
4.24
 
75
55
 
 
3.22
 
84
64
 
 
3.49
 
90
70
 
 
3.17
 
86
66
 
 
3.14
 
79
58
 
 
2.70
 
68
46
 
 
3.75
 
53
35
 
 
2.91
 
41
25
temperatures in °Cprecipitation totals in mm
source: The Weather Channel[8]

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Edwardsville have ranged from a low of 19 °F (−7 °C) in January to a high of 90 °F (32 °C) in July, although a record low of −16 °F (−26.7 °C) was recorded in January 1982 and a record high of 111 °F (44 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.99 inches (51 mm) in January to 4.24 inches (108 mm) in May.[8]

See also[]

  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, Illinois

References[]

External links[]

Coordinates: 38°50′N 89°55′W / 38.83, -89.91


This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Madison County, Illinois. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
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