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| Maramureș County Județul Maramureș |
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| — County — | |||
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| Country | Romania | ||
| Development region | Nord-Vest | ||
| Historical region | Maramureș | ||
| Capital | Baia Mare | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 6,304 km2 (2,434 sq mi) | ||
| Area rank | 15th | ||
| Population (2006)[1] | |||
| • Total | 516,562 | ||
| • Rank | 17th | ||
| • Density | 82/km2 (210/sq mi) | ||
| Telephone code | (+40) 262 or (+40) 362[2] | ||
| ISO 3166 code | RO-MM | ||
| Website | County Council Prefecture |
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Maramureș (Hungarian: Máramaros) is a county (judeţ) of Romania, in the Maramureș region. The county seat is Baia Mare.
History[]
- The 10th century frontier county of Borsova was founded by Stephen I of Hungary. Since then Máramaros served as the north-eastern border of the Hungarian Kingdom until 1920, the Trianon Peace Treaty.
- 11th century historical Maramureş counties separation from Borsova (Rom. Borşa)
- 1241 Tartar invasion decimated about half of the local population
- 14th century Duke (knyaz) Bogdan of Maramureş said to be founder of Moldova
- In the Middle Ages, the historical region of Maramureş was known for its salt mines and later for its lumber
- In 1920 after the Treaty of Trianon, the northern part of the county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia. The southern part (including Sighetu Marmaţiei) became part of Romania.
- For more information regarding the history see Máramaros, referring the historical Hungarian name of the county.
Demographics[]
In 2002, the county had a population of 510,110 and a population density of 81 inhabitants per square kilometre (210 /sq mi).
- Romanians - 82% (or 441,288)[3]
- Hungarians - 9.1% (or 46,300)
- Ukrainians - 6.7% (or 34,027)
- Gypsies - 1.7% (or 8,913)
- Germans - 0.4% (or 2,012), and others.
| Year | County population[4] |
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| 1948 | 321,287 |
| 1956 | 367,114 |
| 1966 | 427,645 |
| 1977 | 492,860 |
| 1992 | 540,099 |
| 2002 | 510,110 |
Văleni, overlooking Valea Izei
Geography[]
This county has a total area of 6,304 square kilometres (2,434 sq mi), of which 43% is covered by the Rodna Mountains, with its tallest peak, Pietrosul, at 2,303 metres (7,556 ft) altitude. Together with Gutâi and Ţibleş mountain ranges, the Rodna mountains are part of the Eastern Carpathians. The rest of the county are hills, plateaus, and valleys. The county is crossed by Tisa River and its main tributaries: Iza, Viseu, and Mara rivers.
Neighbours[]
- Suceava County to the East.
- Satu Mare County to the West.
- Ukraine to the North - Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast and Zakarpattia Oblast.
- Sălaj County, Cluj County and Bistriţa-Năsăud County to the South.
Economy[]
Maramureş is known for its pastoral and agricultural traditions, largely unscathed by the industrialisation campaign that had been carried on during Romania's communist period. Ploughing, planting, harvesting, and hay making and handling are mostly done through manual labour. The county is also home to a strong mining industry of extraction of metals other than iron. The industrial plants built around Baia Mare during the communist period heavily polluted the area in the past, but recently, due to the decline of the city's industrial activity, the area is less polluted.
Tourism[]
Typical Wooden Church in Maramureş
The region is known for its beautiful rural scenery, local small woodwork and craftwork industry as well as for its churches and original rural architecture. There are not many paved roads in rural areas, and most of them are usually accessible.
The county's main tourist attractions:
- The cities of Baia Mare and Sighetu Marmației.
- The villages on the Iza, Mara, and Vişeu Valleys.
- The Wooden Churches of Maramureș
- The Wooden Churches of Lăpuș
- The Wooden Churches of Chioar
- The Merry Cemetery of Săpânța
- The Rodna Mountains.
- The landscape of Cavnic.
Administrative divisions[]
Maramureş County has 2 municipalities, 11 towns and 63 communes.
- Municipalities
- Baia Mare - county seat; population: 149,735 (as of 2008)
- Sighetu Marmației
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References[]
- ^ INSSE Statistic
- ^ The number used depends on the numbering system employed by the phone companies on the market.
- ^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populaţia după etnie"
- ^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populaţia la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 şi 2002"
External links[]
- Photos from Maramures
- Maramures- Information from an English family that live there
- Sighetu Marmaţiei Online News
- Portal of Sighetu Marmaţiei
- [1] More about Maramureș history
- Photos from around the county in the dedicated Flickr group
- (Romanian) Poienile de sub Munte -- a website dedicated to this village
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| This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Maramureș County. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License. |