November 4
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November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 57 days remaining until the end of the year.
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[edit] Events
- 1501 - Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's wife) meets Arthur Tudor, Henry VIII's older brother - they would later marry.
- 1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Flanders, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
- 1677 - The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later be known as William and Mary.
- 1737 - The Teatro di San Carlo is inaugurated.
- 1825 - The Erie Canal is completed with Governor DeWitt Clinton performing the Wedding of The Waters ceremony in New York Harbour.
- 1839 – The Newport Rising is the last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.
- 1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour becomes the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expands to become Italy.
- 1861 - The University of Washington opens in Seattle, Washington as the Territorial University
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.
- 1869 - The first issue of the scientific journal Nature is published.
- 1889 - Menelek of Shoa obtains the allegiance of a large majority of the Ethiopian nobility, paving the way for him to be crowned emperor.
- 1890 - City & South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.
- 1899 - Sigmund Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams is published.
- 1918 - World War I: Austria-Hungary surrenders to Italy.
- 1918 - The German Revolution begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.
- 1921 - The Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler
- 1921 - Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi is assassinated in Tokyo.
- 1921 - Italian unknown soldier is buried in the Altare della Patria ( Fatherland Altar ) in Rome.
- 1922 - In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to King Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
- 1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming is elected as the first female governor in the United States.
- 1924 - Calvin Coolidge is elected the twenty-ninth President of the United States of America.
- 1927 - Frank Heath and his horse Gypsy Queen return to Washington, having completed a two-year journey of 11,356 miles to all 48 states.
- 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, New York City's most notorious gambler, is shot dead over a poker game.
- 1939 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.
- 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein - Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.
- 1945 - UNESCO is founded.
- 1948 - T. S. Eliot wins the Nobel Prize in Literature.
- 1952 - The United States government establishes the National Security Agency.
- 1952 - Dwight David Eisenhower is elected the thirty-fourth President of the United States of America.
- 1955 - The rebuilt Vienna State Opera reopens with Ludwig van Beethoven's Fidelio after it was totally destroyed in World War II.
- 1956 - Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
- 1960 - Filming wraps on The Misfits, starring Marilyn Monroe and Clark Gable -- the last film for both.
- 1962 - In a test of the Nike-Hercules air defense missile, Shot Dominic-Tightrope is successfully detonated 69,000 feet above Johnston Island. It would also be the final atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the United States.
- 1966 - Two-thirds of Florence, Italy is submerged as the Arno rivers flood; considering also the contemporary flood of Po River in northern Italy, 113 people die, 30,000 are rendered homeless, and numerous Renaissance artworks and books are destroyed.
- 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States turns control of the Binh Thuy Air Base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.
- 1970 - Genie, a 13 year old feral child was found in Los Angeles having been locked in her bedroom for most of her life.
- 1979 - Iran hostage crisis begins: Iranian people, mostly students, invade the United States embassy in Tehran and take 90 hostages (53 of whom are American).
- 1980 - Ronald Wilson Reagan is elected as the 40th President of the United States of America.
- 1984 - Dell is founded.
- 1984 - Sandinista Front wins the elections in Nicaragua.
- 1986 - Chief Justice Rose Bird and two colleagues are removed by the electorate from the Supreme Court of California for their opposition to capital punishment.
- 1989 - The congress of the Solidarity Party is inaugurated in Sweden. The congress decides, contrary to the proposal of the central committee, not to disband the party.
- 1993 - Jean Chrétien takes office as Prime Minister of Canada.
- 1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
- 1993 - A series of fires destroy 1000 homes in southern California, causing between 500 million and 1 billion USD of damage. Half of the fires turn out to be arson.
- 1993 - A China Airlines Boeing 747 overran Runway 13 at Hong Kong's Kai Tak International Airport while landing during a typhoon, injuring 22 people.
- 1994 - San Francisco: First conference that focusses exclusively on the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web.
- 1995 - Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated by an extreme right-wing Israeli.
- 2001 - Hurricane Michelle hits Cuba, destroying crops and thousands of homes.
- 2001 - The Police Service of Northern Ireland is established.
- 2002 - Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu for signing pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress
- 2003 - The most powerful solar flare as observed by satellite instrumentation is recorded.
- 2003 - Former HealthSouth CEO Richard Scrushy becomes the first person indicted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. He was eventually acquitted.
- 2004 - 12 French soldiers, 3 UN personnel and hundreds of civilians die during the Côte d'Ivoire civil war.
[edit] Births
- 1448 - King Alphonso II of Naples (d. 1495)
- 1470 - King Edward V of England, one of the two princes in the Tower
- 1575 - Guido Reni, Italian painter (d. 1642)
- 1631 - Mary of Orange, eldest daughter of Charles I of England and mother of William III of England (d. 1660)
- 1661 - Karl III Philip (d. 1742)
- 1740 - Augustus Montague Toplady, English author of hymn "Rock of Ages" (d. 1778)
- 1765 - Pierre Girard, French mathematician (d. 1836)
- 1809 - Benjamin Robbins Curtis, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1874)
- 1816 - Stephen Johnson Field, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1899)
- 1836 - Henry J. Lutcher, American businessman (d. 1912)
- 1845 - Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (d. 1883)
- 1868 - Carolina Otero, a.k.a La Belle Otero, Spanish actress, singer and courtesan (d. 1965)
- 1874 - Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak, Russian military commander (d. 1920)
- 1879 - Will Rogers, American humorist (d. 1935)
- 1883 - Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general (d. 1953)
- 1884 - Harry Ferguson, Northern Irish aviator and inventor (d. 1960)
- 1890 - Alfred Henschke, ps. Klabund, German writer and poet (d. 1928)
- 1899 - Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgish cyclist (d. 1985)
- 1900 - Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu, Romanian communist activist and sociologist (d. 1954)
- 1901 - Princess Bang-ja of Korea (d. 1989)
- 1901 - Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist (d. 1974)
- 1904 - Tadeusz Żyliński, Polish technician and textilist (d. 1967)
- 1908 - Józef Rotblat, Polish physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2005)
- 1908 - Stanley Cortez, American cinematographer (d. 1997)
- 1909 - Skeeter Webb, American baseball player (d. 1986)
- 1909 - Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (d. 1974)
- 1912 - Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (d. 1978)
- 1913 - Gig Young, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1916 - Walter Cronkite, American news broadcaster
- 1918 - Art Carney, American actor (d. 2003)
- 1918 - Cameron Mitchell, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1919 - Martin Balsam, American actor (d. 1996)
- 1922 - Benno Besson, Swiss actor (d. 2006)
- 1923 - Freddy Heineken, Dutch businessman (d. 2002)
- 1924 - Howie Meeker, Canadian ice hockey player and politician
- 1930 - Doris Roberts, American actress
- 1930 - Dick Groat, American baseball player
- 1932 - Thomas Klestil, President of Austria (d. 2004)
- 1933 - Tito Francona, American baseball player
- 1936 - C. K. Williams, American poet
- 1937 - Loretta Swit, American actress
- 1937 - Michael Wilson, Canadian politician
- 1940 - Delbert McClinton, American musician
- 1943 - Marlène Jobert, French actress
- 1943 - Clark Graebner, American tennis player
- 1944 - Scherrie Payne, American singer (The Supremes)
- 1944 - Linda Gary, American voice actress (d. 1995)
- 1946 - Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States
- 1946 - Frederick Elmes, American cinematographer
- 1946 - Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (d. 1989)
- 1950 - Charles Frazier, American author
- 1950 - Markie Post, American actress
- 1951 - Traian Băsescu, President of Romania
- 1951 - Cosey Fanni Tutti, English performance artist (Throbbing Gristle, Chris and Cosey)
- 1953 - Carlos Gutierrez, American politician
- 1953 - Jacques Villeneuve, Canadian racing driver
- 1953 - Dr. Marvel Williamson, American educator
- 1954 - Chris Difford, English musician and songwriter
- 1955 - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland
- 1956 - Jordan Rudess, American musician (Dream Theater)
- 1956 - James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist (The Pretenders) (d. 1982)
- 1960 - Marc Awodey, American artist and writer
- 1960 - Frl. Menke, German pop singer of the Neue Deutsche Welle
- 1961 - Kathy Griffin, American comedian
- 1961 - Daron Hagen, American composer
- 1961 - Edward Knight, American composer
- 1961 - Ralph Macchio, American actor
- 1961 - Les Sampou, American musician
- 1961 - Nigel Worthington, Northern Irish footballer
- 1962 - Jeff Probst, American television host
- 1963 - Marc Déry, Québécois singer and guitarist (Zébulon)
- 1963 - Rosario Flores, Spanish singer and actress
- 1963 - Michel Therrien, Canadian ice hockey coach
- 1965 - Malandra Burrows, English actress and singer
- 1965 - Tomoaki Ishizuka "Pata", Japanese musician
- 1965 - Wayne Static, American musician (Static-X)
- 1965 - Jeff Scott Soto, American musician (Yngwie Malmsteen Band, Journey)
- 1967 - Eric Karros, American baseball player
- 1968 - Carlos Baerga, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1969 - Matthew McConaughey, American actor
- 1969 - Sean "Diddy" Combs, American rapper
- 1972 - Luís Figo, Portuguese footballer
- 1972 - Tabassum Hashmi, Indian actress
- 1974 - Cedric Bixler-Zavala, American musician (At the Drive-In, The Mars Volta)
- 1975 - Eric Fichaud, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1975 - Eduard Kokcharov, Russian handball player
- 1975 - Curtis Stone, Australian chef and television personality
- 1975 - Heather Tom, American actress
- 1976 - Bruno Junqueira, Brazilian racing driver
- 1976 - Mario Melchiot, Dutch footballer
- 1977 - Larry Bigbie, American baseball player
- 1977 - So Ji-sub, South Korean swimmer, model and actor
- 1978 - Carmen Cali, American baseball player
- 1978 - John Grabow, American baseball player
- 1979 - Audrey Hollander, American pornographic actress
- 1979 - Trishelle Cannatella, American reality tv castmember and model
- 1979 - Jesse Camp, former MTV veejay
- 1980 - Marcy Rylan, American actress
- 1980 - Jerry Collins, New Zealand rugby union footballer
- 1980 - Richard Owens, American football player
- 1980 - Sabrina Colie, Jamaican Actress
- 1982 - Devin Hester, American football player
- 1985 - Marcell Jansen, German footballer
- 1986 - Alexz Johnson, Canadian singer and actress
- 1986 - Adrian Zaugg, South African racing driver
- 1990 - Jean-Luc Bilodeau, Canadian actor
[edit] Deaths
- 1254 - John III Ducas Vatatzes, Emperor of the Nicaea (b. circa 1192).
- 1411 - Khalil Sultan, ruler of Transoxonia (b. 1384)
- 1652 - Jean-Charles de la Faille, Flemish mathematician (b. 1597)
- 1669 - Johannes Cocceius, Dutch theologian (b. 1603)
- 1698 - Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician and mathematician (b. 1625)
- 1702 - John Benbow, English admiral (b. 1653)
- 1704 - Andreas Acoluthus, German orientalist (b. 1654)
- 1781 - Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet (b. 1721)
- 1801 - William Shippen, American physician and delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1712)
- 1847 - Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (b. 1809)
- 1856 - Hippolyte Delaroche, French painter (b. 1797)
- 1893 - Pierre Tirard, French politician (b. 1827)
- 1906 - John H. Ketcham, American politician (b. 1832)
- 1918 - Wilfred Owen, English poet (b. 1893)
- 1924 - Gabriel Fauré, French composer (b. 1845)
- 1924 - Richard Conner, American Civil War Medal of Honor Recipient (b. 1843)
- 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, American gambler (b. 1882)
- 1930 - Buddy Bolden, American musician (b. 1877)
- 1950 - Grover Cleveland Alexander, American baseball player (b. 1887)
- 1955 - Cy Young, American baseball player (b. 1867)
- 1957 - Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith (b. 1897)
- 1968 - Michel Kikoine, Belarusian painter (b. 1892)
- 1974 - Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (b. 1909)
- 1980 - Elsie MacGill, Canadian aeronautical engineer (b. 1905)
- 1982 - Dominique Dunne, American actress (b. 1959)
- 1986 - Kurt Hirsch, German mathematician (b. 1906)
- 1987 - Shaike Ofir, Israeli actor (b. 1929)
- 1994 - Fred Sonic Smith, American guitar player MC5 (b. 1949)
- 1995 - Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli politician; recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1922)
- 1995 - Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (b. 1925)
- 1997 - H. Richard Hornberger, American writer (b. 1924)
- 1999 - Malcolm Marshall, Barbadian West Indies cricketer (b. 1958)
- 2003 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (b. 1923)
- 2003 - Ken Gampu, South African actor (b. 1929)
- 2005 - Nadia Anjuman, Afghan poet and journalist (b. 1980)
- 2005 - Sheree North, American actress and singer (b. 1932)
- 2006 - Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, American memoirist (Cheaper by the Dozen) (b. 1908)
- 2006 - Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician (b. 1915)
- 2007 - Peter Viertel, German-American author and screenwriter (b. 1920)
[edit] Holidays and observances
- Panama's Flag Day
- Italy - celebration of victory in World War I, the date of the Armed Forces
- Russia - Day of People's Unity (or National Unity Day), concides with the feast of the Theotokos of Kazan.
- Tonga's National Day, from 2006.
- Roman festivals - start of the Ludi Plebeii
- Roman Catholic Saints - Feast day of the following Roman Catholic saints:
- Feast of Our Lady of Kazan in Russian Orthodox Church
- Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Qudrat (Power) - First day of the 13th month of the Bahá'í calendar
[edit] External links
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