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| Vellore district வேலூர் மாவட்டம் |
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| — District — | |
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| Nickname(s): Vailore | |
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| Coordinates: Coordinates: | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | Vellore |
| Established | 1996 |
| Headquarters | Vellore |
| Talukas | Vellore, Katpadi, Vaniyambadi, Ambur, Arakkonam, Arcot, Gudiyatham, Tirupattur and Walajah |
| Government | |
| • Collector & District Magistrate | Dr P Shankar IAS |
| Area | |
| • District | 6,077 km2 (2,346 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • District | 3,928,106 |
| • Density | 650/km2 (1,700/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,307,998 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Tamil |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 632xxx |
| Telephone code | 0416 |
| Vehicle registration | TN-23 |
| Coastline | 0 kilometres (0 mi) |
| Largest city | Vellore |
| Sex ratio | M-50.06%/F-49.94% ♂/♀ |
| Literacy | 73.06% |
| Legislature type | elected |
| Legislature Strength | 12 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Vellore, Arakkonam and Thiruvannamalai |
| Precipitation | 917 millimetres (36.1 in) |
| Avg. summer temperature | 39.5 °C (103.1 °F) |
| Avg. winter temperature | 15.6 °C (60.1 °F) |
| Website | District administration |
Vellore district is one of the 32 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. Vellore City is the headquarters of this district. It had a population of 3,477,317 as of 2001. It is 37.62% urbanised. [1] The district has a literacy of 73.06%, slightly below the state average.
As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Tamil Nadu (out of 32), after Chennai and Kanchipuram.[2]
History[]
Vellore had been under the control of Cholas of Uraiyur, Pallavas, Rashtrakutas of Malkhed, Sambuvarayar,who lived in the territory of Melakadambur which denoted in Ponniyin selvan the rulers of Vijayanagaram, Marathas, the Nawabs of the Carnatic and the British. The Vellore fort, which was probably built during the rule of Chinna Bommi Nayak (1526 to 1595 A.D.), was considered to be a strong fort during the Carnatic war in the 17th Century. The district finds an important place in the Indian freedom struggle. The Sepoy Mutiny of 1806 that took place inside the Vellore fort was seen as a prelude to the Revolt of 1857.
After the Indian independence in 1947, Vellore became a part of the erstwhile Madras state. The modern Vellore District was formerly part of North Arcot District, which was established by the British in the 19th century. On 30 September 1989 the district was split into Tiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar (present-day Tiruvannamalai) and North Arcot Ambedkar districts. North Arcot Ambedkar District was later renamed Vellore District in 1996.
Geography and climate[]
Balamathi hills
Vellore district has an area of 6077 km². Vellore district lies between 12° 15’ to 13° 15’ North latitudes and 78° 20’ to 79° 50’ East longitudes in Tamil Nadu State. The district is bound on the northeast by Tiruvallur District, on the southeast by Kanchipuram District, on the south by Tiruvannamalai District, on the southwest by Krishnagiri District, and on the northwest and north by Andhra Pradesh state. Major towns in the district include Ambur, Arakkonam, Arcot, Jolarpet, Gudiyattam, Melvisharam, Ranipet, Sholinghur, Tiruppattur, Vaniyambadi, Vellore, and Walajapet. Kaveripakkam is a panchayat town in Vellore with the second largest lake in Tamil Nadu. The average maximum temperature experienced in the plains is 39.5 degree Celsius and the average minimum temperature experienced is 15.6 degree Celsius. The region experiences an average annual rainfall of 795 mm, out of which North East Monsoon contributes to 535 mm and the South West Monsoon contributed to 442 mm.
Demographics[]
Farmers harvesting paddy near Vellore
According to the 2011 census Vellore district has a population of 3,928,106,[2] roughly equal to the nation of Liberia[3] or the US state of Oregon.[4] This gives it a ranking of 62nd in India (out of a total of 640).[2] The district has a population density of 646 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,670 /sq mi) .[2] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.96%.[2] Vellore has a sex ratio of 1004 females for every 1000 males,[2] and a literacy rate of 79.65%.[2]
As per the Census of 2001, the district had a population of 34,77,317 (3.47 million). Hinduism is the major religion in the district, followed by more than 86% of the population. Other minority religions followed in the state are Islam and Christianity, with other religions having much smaller following. Tamil is the principal and the administrative language of the district. Sizeable Telugu speaking minorities are also present given that the district shares its border with Andhra Pradesh. About 30% of the population are Telugu, who have no link with Andhra Pradesh. Urdu is spoken by the Muslims present in the district, especially in areas like Ambur, paradarami, Wallajahpet, Vaniyambadi and Arcot. Given below is the demographic details of the district based on religious groups.
The table below gives the population spread. The data is likely to change after the current census. Reduction in the percentage of Hindus due to various reasons is expected.
| Religion | Population | Literacy Rate | Sex Ratio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hindus | 30 16,962 (86.76%) | 62.88% | 995 |
| Muslims | 3,50,771 (10.09%) | 62.88% | 996 |
| Christians | 1,02,477 (2.95%) | 78.60% | 1070 |
| Others | 7,107 (0.2%) | 73.23% | 823 |
Administration and politics[]
Vellore is one of the 32 districts of Tamil Nadu and is administered by the Vellore District Collectorate. The present collector of Vellore district Dr P Shankar. The police force of the district is headed by the superintendent of police Ms. A.Kayalvizhi IPS. The police force present in the district has a strength of 1,733 personnel, of which the local police comprise 1,162 personnel and the armed reserve police comprise 534 personnel.
Vellore district has 12 State Legislature constituencies and comes under 3 Lok Sabha Constituencies. The table at left lists the State assembly constituencies in the state and the 2006 Tamil Nadu State Assembly Election results. The three Lok Sabha constituencies under which the district falls are Vellore, Arakkonam and Thiruvannamalai. The elected representatives (Member of Assembly) from these constituencies are Dr. V.S. Vijay (AIADMK) from Vellore, S. Ravi (AIADMK) from Arakkonam and E.V. Velu (DMK) from Thiruvannamalai.
Transportation[]
Two National Highways - NH 4 (Mumbai - Chennai) and NH 46 (Krishnagiri - Ranipet) connect parts of the district to other parts of the country. NH 46 passes through Vaniyambadi, Ambur, Vellore and Arcot before joining NH 4 at Ranipet. Both these highways are important connecting roads for vehicles especially travelling to Chennai from Bangalore and Coimbatore. Both these highways run for a length of 226 km (140 mi) in the district. Other important roadways present are State Highways of 629 km (391 mi) and district roads of 1,947 km (1,210 mi). Railway network in Vellore comes under the Southern Railways, with Vellore(Katpadi), Arakkonam and Jolarpettai forming the major railway junctions in the district. There are a total of 28 railway stations and a total of 152 km (94 mi) of rail tracks. There is a domestic airport which is not in use, but the nearest international / domestic airport at Chennai.
Agriculture[]
The district is primarily agrarian with majority of its population involved in agriculture. The chief food grains cultivated are Paddy, Cholam, Ragi and Redgram. Vellore is also one of the top producers of Sugarcane in the state. Oil seeds that are cultivated are Groundnut, Coconut, Sunflower and Gingelly.
Industries[]
BHEL, present at Ranipet, is a major heavy engineering unit of Tamil Nadu. There are three industrial parks namely SIDCO at Katpadi, SIPCOT at Ranipet and SIDCO at Arakkonam.
Educational and healthcare[]
A total of 162 Higher Secondary Schools, 167 High Schools, 444 Middle Schools, 1678 Primary Schools and 324 Primary Schools. Vellore has two universities in. There are a total of 4 Medical Colleges, 11 engineering colleges, 21 Arts and Science colleges, 1 Agricultural college and 1 Nursing college, apart from 39 teacher training institutes. The most prominent colleges are Vellore Institute of Technology, ranked as one of the best private engineering colleges in India, and Voorhees college, Vellore, Islamiah College for Mens and Islamiah College for Women, Vaniyambadi, Marudhar Kesari Jain College for Women, Vaniyambadi and Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur. The Christian Medical College Hospital present in Vellore is one of the leading medical colleges of India. It is also one of the largest private hospitals in the state and is much sought after facility from all across India. The district has a total of 13 hospitals and 67 primary health centres.
Tourism[]
The Golden temple of Mahalakshmi at Sripuram
Though Vellore does not boast of a plethora of tourist spots, there are few places which are sought after by tourists from across the district as well as from other parts of Tamil Nadu. The Vellore Fort is the primary tourist attraction in the district headquarters Vellore. Near the towns of Vaniyambadi and Tirupattur is the Yelagiri hill station, fondly referred to as 'Poor Man's Ooty', attributed to it being less expensive to visit and stay. The hill station is much unspoiled and retains its laid-back atmosphere, unlike many other hill stations of India. Near Yelagiri is a seasonal waterfall named Jallagamparai, which receives water during the rainy season. The latest tourist attraction in the district is the Sripuram Golden Temple at Malaikodi. The salient Feature of Sripuram is the Lakshmi Narayani temple or Mahalakshmi temple whose 'Vimanam’ and ‘Ardha Mandapam’ have been coated with gold both in the interior and exterior.Amirthi is a forest region of vellore it is one of the tourist spot of vellore. Zoo,Falls and Forest are the main attractions of amirthi. Aamirthi is 28 km away from vellore.
References[]
- ^ "2011 Census of India" (Excel). Indian government. 16 April 2011. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/prov_data_products_tamilnadu.html.
- ^ a b c d e f g "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html. Retrieved 2011-10-01. "Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est."
- ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php. Retrieved 2011-09-30. "Oregon 3,831,074"
External links[]
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Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh | Thiruvallur district |
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Kanchipuram district | |||
   Vellore district | ||||
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| Krishnagiri district | Tiruvannamalai district |
Template:Vellore district
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