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  • The Cavalier Colonel
  • Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis (1661-79)
  • Member of Parliament for Lyme Regis (1685–88)
  • Commissioner of the Irish Court of Claims and Explanations (1662-68)
  • Junior Clerk Comptroller to the Board of Green Cloth (1664-79)

Biography

Winston Churchill was born 18 April 1620 in Wootten, Bedfordshire, England to John Churchill (c1590-1659) and Sarah Winston (c1598-) and died 26 March 1688 London, Middlesex, England of unspecified causes. He married Elizabeth Drake (1620-1698) 26 May 1646 in St Peters Church (Pauls Wharf), Pauls Wharf, London, England.

Coat of arms of John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough

Coat of arms: sable a lion rampant argent on a canton of the second a cross gules.[1]

Sir Winston Churchill FRS (18 April 1620 – 26 March 1688), known as the Cavalier Colonel, was an English soldier, nobleman, historian, and politician.[2] He was the father of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough.

Life and career

Churchill was the son of Sir John Churchill of Dorset, a lawyer and politician, and his wife Sarah Winston, daughter of Sir Henry Winston. Churchill was educated at St John's College, Oxford, but he left university without taking a degree. The main reason of it was the beginning of the Civil War.

Churchill was a fervent Royalist throughout his life. He fought and was wounded in the Civil War as a captain in the King's Horse and, after the Royalists were defeated, was forced to pay a recompense fee of £446 (equivalent to around £44,600 in the present day).

After the Restoration, he sat as a Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis from 1661 to 1679 and for Lyme Regis from 1685 to 1688.[3] He was also a Commissioner of the Irish Court of Claims and Explanations between 1662 and 1668, and a Junior Clerk Comptroller to the Board of Green Cloth from 1664 to 1679.

Churchill was knighted in 1664 and made a Fellow of the Royal Society the same year. He also published a history of the kings of England, entitled Divi Britannici; being a remark upon the Lives of all the Kings of this Isle, from the year of the World 2855 until the year of Grace 1660. He died in March 1688, at the age of 67.

Ashe House

AsheHouse

Artistic rendoring of Ashe House in Musbury.

Ashe House, in the parish of Musbury in the county of Devon, is an historic estate of the Tudor style. Long the residence of the ancient Drake family, the heir of which remarkably was always called John, only one excepted, for ten generations.] It was formerly believed to have been the birthplace of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, though he was certainly baptized there.

Marriage and children

On 26 May 1648[4], Churchill married Elizabeth Drake, daughter of Sir John Drake (d. 25 August 1636) and his wife, Eleanor Boteler, daughter of John Boteler, 1st Baron Boteler of Brantfield, and maternal niece of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham.

They had eleven children, seven sons and four daughters, of whom only six survived infancy.


  1. Winston Churchill (1646-1647) - died in infancy
  2. Arabella Churchill (1648-1730) - became a mistress of King James II and mother of four of his children; among her descendants are Earl Waldegrave; the Earls Spencer; the Dukes of Berwick, and the later Dukes of Alba; Viscount Falmouth.
  3. Winston Churchill (1649-1672) - died at the Battle of Solebay in 1672, aged 20.
  4. John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (1650-1722) became a famous military commander and was created Duke of Marlborough;
  5. George Churchill (1653-1710) became an admiral in the Royal Navy and never married;
  6. Charles Churchill (1656-1714) became a general in the British Army under his eldest brother and married Mary Gould (later married to the 2nd Earl of Abingdon);
  7. Dorothy Churchill (1657-1658) - died infancy
  8. Mountjoy Churchill (1658-1659) - died infancy
  9. Jasper Churchill (1659-) attended Queen's College, Oxford,[6] and was commissioned in the Duke of York's Regiment in 1678,
  10. Henry Churchill (1661-1661) - died infancy
  11. Theobald Churchill (1663-1685) - the cleric, was commissioned Chaplain in November 1683, but in the King's Own Royal Regiment of Dragoons commanded then by John, Lord Churchill.[5]
  12. Mary Churchill (1664-1665) - died in infancy.
  13. Barbara Churchill (1666-1667) - died in infancy.


Children


Offspring of Winston Churchill and Elizabeth Drake (1620-1698)
Name Birth Death Joined with
Winston Churchill (1646-1647) 1646 Ashe Manor, Musbury, Devon, England 1647 Ashe Manor, Musbury, Devon, England
Arabella Churchill (1648-1730) 23 February 1648 4 May 1730 James II of England (1633-1701)
Charles Godfrey (c1648-1715)
Winston Churchill (1649-1672) 1649 Devon, England 7 June 1672 Southwold, East Suffolk, England
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (1650-1722) 24 June 1650 Ashe House, Devon, England, United Kingdom 16 June 1722 Cumberland Lodge, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom Sarah Jennings (1660-1744)
George Churchill (1653-1710) 28 February 1653 Mintern Magna, Dorsetshire, England 8 May 1710 Windsor, Berkshire, England
Charles Churchill (1656-1714) 2 February 1656 Ashe House, Devon, England 29 December 1714 Minterne Magna, Dorset, England Mary Gould (1676-1757)
Elizabeth Dodd (c1660-)
Dorothy Churchill (1657-1658) 1657 Ashe House, Devon, England 1658 Ashe House, Devon, England
Mountjoy Churchill (1658-1659) 1658 Ashe House, Devon, England 1659 Ashe House, Devon, England
Jasper Churchill (1659-) 1659 Ashe House, Devon, England
Theobald Churchill (1663-1685) 1663 Dublin, County Dublin, Ireland 5 December 1685 England
Mary Churchill (1664-1665) 1664 Ashe House, Devon, England 1665 Ashe House, Devon, England
Barbara Churchill (1666-1667) 1666 Ashe House, Devon, England 1667 Ashe House, Devon, England



Siblings


Offspring of John Churchill (c1590-1659) and Sarah Winston (c1598-)
Name Birth Death Joined with
Winston Churchill (1622-1688) 18 April 1620 Wootten, Bedfordshire, England 26 March 1688 London, Middlesex, England Elizabeth Drake (1620-1698)
William Churchill (c1621-)



See also


References

<references>

Parliament of England
Preceded by
Sir William Penn
Henry Waltham
Peter Middleton
Bullen Reymes
Member of Parliament for
Weymouth and Melcombe Regis

1661–1679
With: Sir William Penn 1661–1670
Bullen Reymes 1661–1673
Sir John Strangways 1661–1667
Sir John Coventry 1667–1679
Lord Ashley 1670–1679
Sir John Man 1673–1679
Succeeded by
Sir John Coventry
Lord Ashley
Thomas Browne
Michael Harvey
Preceded by
Henry Henley
Thomas Moore
Member of Parliament for Lyme Regis
1685–1688
With: John Pole
Succeeded by
John Pole
John Burridge




Footnotes (including sources)

‡ General



Robin Patterson

  1. ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.747.
  2. ^ Wikisource-logo Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1887). "Churchill, Winston". In Leslie Stephen. Dictionary of National Biography, 1885–1900. 10. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 342. 
  3. ^ History of Parliament Online - Churchill, Winston
  4. ^ London Metropolitan Archives, St Peter Paul's Wharf, Composite register: baptisms 1607 - 1653, marriages 1607 - 1622 and 1625 - 1649, burials 1607 - 1653, P69/PET3/A/001/MS05721, Item 001
  5. ^ Holmes, Richard. Marlborough: England's Fragile Genius. HarperPress. 2008.
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